Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Biofilm-Associated Agr and Sar Quorum Sensing Systems of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus are Inhibited by Fruit Extracts of Illicium Verum

Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
,
Veena Krishnamurthy
,
Koneti ISwamy
,
Suvaiyarasan Suvaithenamudhan
,
Murugesan Amuthan
,
Irudhayaraj Vimali
,
Arumugam Veera Ravi
,
Shanmugam Sivakumar
,
Challabathula Dinakar
,
Samuthira Nagarajan
ORCID logo ,
Esaki Muthu Shankar
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 6 August 2019 / Approved: 7 August 2019 / Online: 7 August 2019 (10:29:04 CEST)

How to cite: Sankar Ganesh, P.; Krishnamurthy, V.; ISwamy, K.; Suvaithenamudhan, S.; Amuthan, M.; Vimali, I.; Veera Ravi, A.; Sivakumar, S.; Dinakar, C.; Nagarajan, S.; Shankar, E.M. Biofilm-Associated Agr and Sar Quorum Sensing Systems of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus are Inhibited by Fruit Extracts of Illicium Verum. Preprints 2019, 2019080096. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201908.0096.v1 Sankar Ganesh, P.; Krishnamurthy, V.; ISwamy, K.; Suvaithenamudhan, S.; Amuthan, M.; Vimali, I.; Veera Ravi, A.; Sivakumar, S.; Dinakar, C.; Nagarajan, S.; Shankar, E.M. Biofilm-Associated Agr and Sar Quorum Sensing Systems of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus are Inhibited by Fruit Extracts of Illicium Verum. Preprints 2019, 2019080096. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201908.0096.v1

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen and a predominant cause of life-threatening nosocomial infections. Drug resistance in S. aureus is attributed to production of biofilm, which is controlled largely by bacterial quorum sensing (QS) systems. Methodology: In vitro analysis of biofilm inhibition assay was performed using crystal violet staining assay, swarming motility, light microscopy and growth curve analyses. Identification of the major constituents of I. verum fruit extract was performed by GC-MS. Ligand-protein interaction was analyzed by molecular docking investigations. Results: The methanol extract of I. verum inhibited the growth of MRSA at the concentration of 4.8 mg/ml. At the sub-inhibitory concentration (2.4mg/ml), the extract showed significant reduction in biofilmogenesis. Light microscopy analysis confirmed the antibiofilm activity as well as the efficacy in disturbing biofilm architecture. A reduced swarming motility was observed at the lowest concentration of 2.4mg/ml. GC-MS analysis revealed anethol (AL) as the major constituent. The molecular docking analysis attributes the antibiofilm activity to an active ligand AL, which strongly interacted with the active site residues of AgrA and SarA proteins of S. aureus. Conclusion: We report the activities of I. verum to be immensely interfering with QS system and biofilm formation in MRSA.

Keywords

AgrA protein; biofilm; MRSA; quorum sensing; SarA protein; swarming

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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