Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Microfluidic Irreversible Electroporation – A Versatile Tool to Extract Intracellular Contents of Bacteria and Yeast

Alexander Rockenbach
,
Suresh Sudarsan
,
Judith Berens
,
Michael Kosubek
,
Jaroslav Lazar
,
Philipp Demling
ORCID logo ,
René Hanke
,
Philip Mennicken
,
Birgitta E. Ebert
,
Lars M. Blank
* ,
Uwe Schnakenberg
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 24 July 2019 / Approved: 25 July 2019 / Online: 25 July 2019 (11:44:33 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Rockenbach, A.; Sudarsan, S.; Berens, J.; Kosubek, M.; Lazar, J.; Demling, P.; Hanke, R.; Mennicken, P.; Ebert, B.E.; Blank, L.M.; Schnakenberg, U. Microfluidic Irreversible Electroporation—A Versatile Tool to Extract Intracellular Contents of Bacteria and Yeast. Metabolites 2019, 9, 211. Rockenbach, A.; Sudarsan, S.; Berens, J.; Kosubek, M.; Lazar, J.; Demling, P.; Hanke, R.; Mennicken, P.; Ebert, B.E.; Blank, L.M.; Schnakenberg, U. Microfluidic Irreversible Electroporation—A Versatile Tool to Extract Intracellular Contents of Bacteria and Yeast. Metabolites 2019, 9, 211.

Abstract

Exploring the dynamic behavior of cellular metabolism requires a standard laboratory method that guarantees rapid sampling and extraction of the cellular content. We propose a versatile sampling technique applicable to cells with different cell wall and cell membrane properties. The technique is based on irreversible electroporation with simultaneous quenching and extraction by using a microfluidic device. By application of electric pulses in the millisecond range, permanent lethal pores are formed in the cell membrane of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, facilitating the release of the cellular contents; here demonstrated by the measurement of glucose-6-phosphate and the activity of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. The successful application of this device was demonstrated by pulsed electric field treatment in a flow-through configuration of the microfluidic chip in combination with sampling, inactivation, and extraction of the intracellular content in a few seconds. Minimum electric field strengths of 10 kV/cm for E. coli and 7.5 kV/cm for yeast S. cerevisiae were required for successful cell lysis. The results are discussed in the context of applications in industrial biotechnology, where metabolomics analyses are important.

Keywords

Irreversible electroporation, microfluidics, microelectrodes, pulsed electric field electroporation, intracellular metabolites, enzymes, quenching, E. coli, S. cerevisiae

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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