Okada, S.; Vaeteewoottacharn, K.; Kariya, R. Application of Highly Immunocompromised Mice for the Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Models. Cells2019, 8, 889.
Okada, S.; Vaeteewoottacharn, K.; Kariya, R. Application of Highly Immunocompromised Mice for the Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Models. Cells 2019, 8, 889.
Okada, S.; Vaeteewoottacharn, K.; Kariya, R. Application of Highly Immunocompromised Mice for the Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Models. Cells2019, 8, 889.
Okada, S.; Vaeteewoottacharn, K.; Kariya, R. Application of Highly Immunocompromised Mice for the Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Models. Cells 2019, 8, 889.
Abstract
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are created by engraftment of patients’ tumor tissues into immunocompetent mice. Since PDX model keep the characteristics of primary patient’s tumor such as gene expression profiles and drug sensitivity, it now becomes most reliable in vivo human cancer model. The engraftment rate are increased with the introduction of NOD/Scid based immunocompromised mice, especially, NK cell defective NOD strains such as NOD/Scid/IL2Rγnu (NOG/ NSG) mice and NOD/Scid/Jak3null (NOJ) mice. Success ratio differs from the origin of tumor: Gastrointestinal tumors tend to higher success rate and breast cancer is lower. Subcutaneous transplantation is most popular method to establish PDX, but some tumor needs orthotropic or renal capsule transplantation, and human hormone treatment is needed to establish hormone dependent cancers such as prostate and breast cancer. PDX library with patient’s clinical data, gene-expression patterns, mutational status, drug responsiveness and tumor architecture will be the powerful tool for developing specific biomarker and novel individualized therapy and establishing precision cancer medicine.
Keywords
patient-derived xenograft; immunocompromised mice; precision medicine; drug screening; cancer; cell line
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
