Article
Version 1
This version is not peer-reviewed
Toxin Inactivation in Toxin/Antitoxin Systems
Laura Fernandez-Garcia
Maria Tomas
Version 1
: Received: 29 May 2019 / Approved: 31 May 2019 / Online: 31 May 2019 (08:36:38 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Journal reference: Journal of Applied Microbiology 2019
DOI: 10.1111/jam.14414
Abstract
Toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems are used primarily to inhibit phage, reduce metabolic activity during stress, and maintain genetic elements. Given the extreme toxicity of some of the toxins of these TA systems, we were curious how the cell silences toxins, if the antitoxin is inactivated or when toxins are obtained without antitoxins via horizontal gene transfer. Here we find that the RalR (type I), MqsR (type II), GhoT (type V), and Hha (type VII) toxins are inactivated primarily by a mutation that inactivates the toxin promoter or via the chromosomal mutations iraM and mhpR.
Subject Areas
toxin; antitoxin; mutation
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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