Hardi, L.; Wagner, U. Grocery Delivery or Customer Pickup—Influences on Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Munich. Sustainability2019, 11, 641.
Hardi, L.; Wagner, U. Grocery Delivery or Customer Pickup—Influences on Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Munich. Sustainability 2019, 11, 641.
Hardi, L.; Wagner, U. Grocery Delivery or Customer Pickup—Influences on Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Munich. Sustainability2019, 11, 641.
Hardi, L.; Wagner, U. Grocery Delivery or Customer Pickup—Influences on Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Munich. Sustainability 2019, 11, 641.
Abstract
TThe number of supermarkets offering a grocery delivery has been increasing during the last years. Many studies deduce CO2 emission savings using this concept. Since the delivery of groceries also consumes energy and produces emissions, break-even points can be calculated, from where the delivery has environmental advantages compared to the customer pickup. In this paper, influences of differing vehicle use on break-even points for savings of energy and CO2 emissions are analyzed for the case of Haidhausen Süd, a city district of Munich in Germany. Internal combustion engine and electric vehicles are investigated to depict current as well as future trends. After an introduction to the used methodology, the potential to save energy and CO2 emissions related to the delivery of groceries in the chosen district of Munich is evaluated. Afterwards, influences on the break even points are presented and discussed. As the results show, a delivery of groceries leads to energy and carbon dioxidesavings in a wide range of private vehicle use for grocery shopping trips. Nevertheless, if the complete customer vehicle fleet is electrified, the use of delivery vehicles with an internal combustion engine can cause an additional environmental impact at the current modal split for shopping trips in Germany.
Keywords
Grocery Delivery, Energy-Savings, CO2-Savings, Munich, Break-Even Point, Electric Delivery Vehicle, Customer Pickup, Modal Shift
Subject
Engineering, Energy and Fuel Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
