Version 1
: Received: 13 December 2018 / Approved: 17 December 2018 / Online: 17 December 2018 (16:07:41 CET)
How to cite:
Calderón-Hurtado, F.; Morales, R.; Chattopadhyay, K.; García-Hernández, S. Fluid Flow Turbulence in the Proximities of the Metal-Slag Interface in Ladle Stirring Operations. Preprints2018, 2018120204. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201812.0204.v1
Calderón-Hurtado, F.; Morales, R.; Chattopadhyay, K.; García-Hernández, S. Fluid Flow Turbulence in the Proximities of the Metal-Slag Interface in Ladle Stirring Operations. Preprints 2018, 2018120204. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201812.0204.v1
Calderón-Hurtado, F.; Morales, R.; Chattopadhyay, K.; García-Hernández, S. Fluid Flow Turbulence in the Proximities of the Metal-Slag Interface in Ladle Stirring Operations. Preprints2018, 2018120204. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201812.0204.v1
APA Style
Calderón-Hurtado, F., Morales, R., Chattopadhyay, K., & García-Hernández, S. (2018). Fluid Flow Turbulence in the Proximities of the Metal-Slag Interface in Ladle Stirring Operations. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201812.0204.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Calderón-Hurtado, F., K. Chattopadhyay and S. García-Hernández. 2018 "Fluid Flow Turbulence in the Proximities of the Metal-Slag Interface in Ladle Stirring Operations" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201812.0204.v1
Abstract
Three-phase interactions (metal-slag-argon) in ladle stirring operations have strong effects on metal-slag mass transfer processes. Specifically, the thickness of the slag controls the fluid turbulence to an extent that once trespassing a critical thickness, increases of stirring strength have not further effects on the flow. To analyze these conditions, a physical model considering the three phases was built to study liquid turbulence in the proximities of the metal-slag interface. A velocity probe placed close to the interface permitted the continuous monitoring and statistical analyses of turbulence. The slag-eye opening was found to be strongly dependent on the stirring conditions, and the mixing times decreased with thin slag thicknesses. Slag entrainment was enhanced with thick slag layers, and high flow rates of the gas phase. A multiphase model was developed to simulate these results finding a good agreement between experimental and numerical results.
Ladle stirring, turbulence, slag, interface, refining, mixing time, slag opening
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Metals, Alloys and Metallurgy
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
