Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Spatial Assessment of Degraded Lands for Biofuel Production in Indonesia

Wanggi Jaung
* ,
Edi Wiraguna
ORCID logo ,
Beni Okarda
,
Yustina Artati
,
Chun Sheng Goh
,
Ramdhoni Syahru
,
Budi Leksono
,
Lilik Budi Prasetyo
,
Soo Min Lee
,
Himlal Baral
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 11 November 2018 / Approved: 13 November 2018 / Online: 13 November 2018 (05:17:34 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Jaung, W.; Wiraguna, E.; Okarda, B.; Artati, Y.; Goh, C.S.; Syahru, R.; Leksono, B.; Prasetyo, L.B.; Lee, S.M.; Baral, H. Spatial Assessment of Degraded Lands for Biofuel Production in Indonesia. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4595. Jaung, W.; Wiraguna, E.; Okarda, B.; Artati, Y.; Goh, C.S.; Syahru, R.; Leksono, B.; Prasetyo, L.B.; Lee, S.M.; Baral, H. Spatial Assessment of Degraded Lands for Biofuel Production in Indonesia. Sustainability 2018, 10, 4595.

Abstract

This study spatially estimates degraded lands in Indonesia that have limited functions for food production, carbon storage, and conservation of biodiversity and native vegetation, and examines their suitability to grow biodiesel species (Calophyllum inophyllum, Pongamia pinnata and Reutealis trisperma) and biomass species (Calliandra calothyrsus and Gliricidia sepium). Results showed that Indonesia has ∼3.5 million ha of degraded lands potentially suitable for these species. With the all-five-species scenario, these lands had the potential to produce 1105 PJ yr−1 of biomass and 3 PJ yr−1 of biodiesel. With the biodiesel-only-species scenario, these lands showed the potential to produce 10 PJ yr−1 of biodiesel. Despite this energy potential, however, the land sizes were too small to support economies of scale for biofuel production. The study findings contribute to identifying lands with limited functions, modeling biofuel-species growth on regional lands and estimating carbon stocks of restored degraded lands in Indonesia.

Keywords

degraded land; biodiesel; biomass; energy; Indonesia

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (0)

Comment 1
Received: 26 November 2018
Commenter: Luis Razon
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.
Comment: Good afternoon. I am one of the authors of "Methyl Esters (Biodiesel) from and Fatty Acid Profile of Gliricidia sepium Seed Oil". ResearchGate informed me that you had cited our paper in your paper.

I would like to offer some thoughts about G. sepium. In our paper, it was shown that G. sepium could be used as a source of biodiesel. In your paper, it was regarded only as a biomass source. I wonder if you might have a better energy yield if you could consider also the biodiesel that you would be able to obtain from G. sepium. Hopefully, this will make the conclusions a little more positive.

Just some thoughts that may be helpful. :)
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