Version 1
: Received: 16 May 2018 / Approved: 18 May 2018 / Online: 18 May 2018 (07:38:04 CEST)
How to cite:
Tran, D.N.; Jung, E.; Ahn, C.; Lee, J.; Yoo, Y.; Jeung, E. Effects of Bisphenol A and 4-Tert-octylphenol on Embryo Implantation Failure in Mouse. Preprints2018, 2018050256. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0256.v1
Tran, D.N.; Jung, E.; Ahn, C.; Lee, J.; Yoo, Y.; Jeung, E. Effects of Bisphenol A and 4-Tert-octylphenol on Embryo Implantation Failure in Mouse. Preprints 2018, 2018050256. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0256.v1
Tran, D.N.; Jung, E.; Ahn, C.; Lee, J.; Yoo, Y.; Jeung, E. Effects of Bisphenol A and 4-Tert-octylphenol on Embryo Implantation Failure in Mouse. Preprints2018, 2018050256. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0256.v1
APA Style
Tran, D.N., Jung, E., Ahn, C., Lee, J., Yoo, Y., & Jeung, E. (2018). Effects of Bisphenol A and 4-Tert-octylphenol on Embryo Implantation Failure in Mouse. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0256.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Tran, D.N., Yeong-Min Yoo and Eui-Bae Jeung. 2018 "Effects of Bisphenol A and 4-Tert-octylphenol on Embryo Implantation Failure in Mouse" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201805.0256.v1
Abstract
Miscarriage due to blastocyst implantation failure occurs in up to two-thirds of all miscarriage cases in human. The calcium ion has been shown to be involved in many cellular signal transduction pathways as well as in the regulation of cell adhesion, which is necessary for the embryo implantation process. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDs) during early gestation results in disruption of intrauterine implantation and uterine reception, leading to implantation failure. In this study, ovarian estrogen (E2), bisphenol A (BPA), or 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), with or without ICI 182,780 (ICI) were injected subcutaneously from gestation day 1 to gestation day 3 post-coitus. The expression levels of the calcium transport genes were assessed in maternal uteri and implantation sites. The number of implantation sites was significantly low in the OP group, and implantation sites were absent in the E2 and EDs+ICI groups. There were different calcium transient transport channel expression levels in uterus and implantation site samples. The levels of TRPV5 and TRPV6 gene expression were significantly increased by EDs with/without ICI treatment in uterus. Whereas, TRPV5 and TRPV6 gene expression were significantly lower in implantation sites samples. NCX1 and PMCA1 mRNA levels were significantly decreased by OP and BPA in the implantation site samples. Compared to vehicle treatment in uterus, both the MUC1 mRNA and protein levels were markedly high in all but the BPA group. Taken together, these results suggest that both BPA and OP can impair embryo implantation through alteration of calcium transport gene expressions and by affecting uterine receptivity.
Biology and Life Sciences, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
