Version 1
: Received: 30 October 2017 / Approved: 2 November 2017 / Online: 2 November 2017 (03:05:04 CET)
How to cite:
Arif, M.; Islam, S. U.; Adnan, M.; Anwar, M.; Wu, Z. Application of Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in Rice Viruses with Insect Vectors, Especially Rice Grassy Stunt Virus. Preprints2017, 2017110015. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0015.v1
Arif, M.; Islam, S. U.; Adnan, M.; Anwar, M.; Wu, Z. Application of Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in Rice Viruses with Insect Vectors, Especially Rice Grassy Stunt Virus. Preprints 2017, 2017110015. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0015.v1
Arif, M.; Islam, S. U.; Adnan, M.; Anwar, M.; Wu, Z. Application of Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in Rice Viruses with Insect Vectors, Especially Rice Grassy Stunt Virus. Preprints2017, 2017110015. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0015.v1
APA Style
Arif, M., Islam, S. U., Adnan, M., Anwar, M., & Wu, Z. (2017). Application of Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in Rice Viruses with Insect Vectors, Especially <em>Rice Grassy Stunt Virus</em>. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0015.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Arif, M., Muhammad Anwar and Zujian Wu. 2017 "Application of Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in Rice Viruses with Insect Vectors, Especially <em>Rice Grassy Stunt Virus</em>" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201711.0015.v1
Abstract
Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) a member of Tenuivirus family, is very potent and destructive which effects rice crop in many countries, particularly China. Non coding RNAs have important functions in development and epigenetic regulation of gene expression in numerous organsisms. There is three type of small non coding RNAs have been found in eukaryotes, which are small interferring RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and piwi interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Small RNAs (sRNAs) origination is from the infecting virus which is known as virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs), has responsibility for RNA silencing in plants. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is mainly dependent on RNA silencing (RNAi). Interestingly, RNA silencing happens in plants during viral infections. RNAi technique showed significant results in Nephotettix cincticeps. RNAi technique demonstrated the gene silencing of planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. The proteins P5, pcf4, Dnj, psn5, and pn6 act as potential movement proteins and serve as silencing suppressors for RGSV. VsiRNAs originate from dsRNA molecules which require Dicer-like (DCL) proteins, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) proteins, and Argonaute (AGO) proteins. RdRP uses ssRNA for perfect RNA amplification process and can also be used for DCL dependent secondary vsiRNA formation. VSRs interfere with the movement of signals during silencing mechanism. Moreover, intercellular movement of viruses is facilitated by virus-encoded movement protein. RNAi is found in many eukaryotes which are related to transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation by gene suppression. Transcription is bidirectional in ssDNA viruses which are originated from dsRNA molecules. In this review, we highlighted the biology of Rice grassy stunt virus and its insect vector and its silencing suppressors. This work will be helpful for plant virologists to understand the whole biogenesis mechanism for rice viruses especially RGSV.
Keywords
RGSV; movement proteins; gene silencing; transgenic mechanism; virus-induced small interfering RNA; RNA silencing pathway; antiviral plant defenses
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Plant Sciences
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.
Comment:
Hello All. I would like to request all Respected Professors, Teachers, and Students. Please read my this review. Comments about this, if you have any suggestions for this review. Thanks in advance.
Commenter:
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.