Pneumothorax: Demographics, Treatment, and Nursing Care

Background: Pneumothorax, regardless of its aetiology (traumatic or spontaneous), is diagnosed using imaging modalities, while treatment depends on its type and underlying cause. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, treatment approaches, and healthcare needs of patients with pneumothorax in order to better understand its impact on healthcare resources.Methods: This retrospective cohort study analysed pneumothorax cases treated at Varazdin General Hospital between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2021. Data were extracted from the Hospital Information System and included pneumothorax type, treatment modality, duration of thoracic drainage, and length of hospital stay. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential methods.Results: A total of 60 patients were included, with a predominance of males (65%) and older individuals (>60 years: 55%). Thoracic drainage was performed in 73% of patients and was associated with an average duration of approximately 7 days. The average hospital stay was 9 days. Statistically significant associations were observed between age and pneumothorax type (P=0.003), as well as between age and treatment modality (P=0.050). Nursing care needs remained largely stable during hospitalisation, with an average dependency category of 1.92 at admission and 1.93 at discharge. A total of 120 nursing diagnoses were recorded, averaging two per patient.Conclusion: Pneumothorax is more common in older patients and males, with treatment strategies varying according to demographic and clinical factors. The findings highlight the importance of tailored management approaches and emphasise the central role of nursing care in ensuring optimal patient outcomes.