Allergen-Specific IgE Sensitization Characteristics in Patients with Allergic Skin Diseases in Southern VietNam

The diverse clinical manifestations of allergic skin diseases often overlap with other pathologies, posing significant diagnostic challenges. Allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) testing is essential for identifying triggers and personalizing treatments in allergic skin diseases. A retrospective study was conducted on 4,277 medical records of patients with allergic skin diseases who underwent sIgE testing at the HCMC Hospital of Dermato-Venereology, a tertiary referral dermatology center serving Southern Vietnam, from January to December 2024. The results revealed that 64.09% of the patients exhibited sIgE sensitization. House dust mites (D. farinae: 30.91%, D. pteronyssinus: 25.67%) and fire ants (24.06%) were the predominant allergens. Food sensitization was predominantly mild, with almond being the most common (10.26%). Significantly higher sensitization severity was observed in males, young adults (12–35 years), and non-urban residents (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis demonstrated robust co-sensitization and cross-reactivity among aeroallergens, predominantly driven by house dust mites. In conclusion, allergen sensitization profiles are strongly influenced by demographic and geographic factors, with a characteristic pattern observed in Southern Vietnam. Multiplex sIgE testing provides substantial value in disease stratification, prognostic assessment, and the development of personalized treatment strategies in this tropical setting.