Coagulation and Blood Factors and Clinical Disease Indicators in Patients with Chronic Angioedema and Urticaria – a Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Since the relationship between coagulation factors and serum blood cell factors has not been extensively studied in patients with angioedema (AE) and urticaria, we wanted to examine them. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between coagulation factors, other serum cells and factors, and clinical disease indicators in patients suffering from chronic AE and urticaria. It involved 102 participants, i.e. three groups: 33 patients with isolated AE, 33 patients AE with urticaria (AE/Urt), and 35 healthy controls. Blood samples were collected to analyze the levels of coagulation factors (D-dimer, fibrinogen, factor VII), as well as other serum parameters such as C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and complete blood count (CBC). Clinical data regarding symptoms and disease severity were also collected using the validated AECT questionnaire. Results: Only D-dimer values differed significantly between groups and were higher in patients with AE/Urt than in controls. At the same time, D-dimers were significantly more often elevated in both AE groups than in healthy individuals. Additionally, CRP values in both AE groups were significantly more often elevated than in controls, with significantly higher values in both AE groups (in both groups 85%) than in controls (57%). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that abnormalities in coagulation factors and other serum parameters may play an important role in the pathophysiology of AE and urticaria. These findings could help improve the understanding of the mechanisms behind these diseases and provide insights into enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for patients. Further research is needed.