Factors Influencing Compliance with Infection Prevention and Control Practices at Katavi Regional Referral Hospital: Healthcare Workersʹ Perspectives

Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) forms the backbone of effective healthcare delivery and disease prevention. This study aimed to explore healthcare workers' perspectives on factors influencing compliance with infection prevention and control practices in Katavi Regional Referral Hospital, Tanzania. With a qualitative approach, we aimed to enable a broader narrative, to gain a more detailed understanding of IPC practices, and to identify experiences that may be overlooked in a forced-choice questionnaire. A phenomenological study design was employed, using an interview guide to collect data from 19 professionals (five doctors, four nurses, four laboratory practitioners, and six from other subspecialties) between July 24, 2025, and August 23, 2025. Among participants, nine were the key informants, and 10 were involved in in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that the availability of IPC supplies, awareness of IPC protocols, supportive supervision, institutional support, and desire for personal and patient safety were factors influencing compliance, while HCWs' negative attitudes towards IPC and the high volume of patients were factors hindering compliance. To enhance compliance, the health system should strengthen supervision, ensure a constant supply of IPC materials, and promote positive attitudes among healthcare workers.