Augmented Finance for Climate Action: A Systematic Review of AI, IoT, and Blockchain Applications in Sustainable Finance

The Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Blockchain in Augmented Finance Augmented finance is emerging as an important approach to tackle the complex financial challenges that accompany climate change. This systematic review aims to provide existing research, identifying how these technologies may help in sustainable finance. Thus, following the PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed and analysed 42 peer-reviewed studies released between 2018 and 2025. Our results are applicable in three general areas: (1) increased MRV of the environmental impacts by employing IoT and blockchain, to ensure transparency and traceability, (2) better physical and transition risk control using predictive AI modelling and (3) better ESG analysis and the detection of greenwashing and risk reduction via alternative data. We highlight the power of these technologies to address stubborn problems such as information asymmetry and transparency holes in impact chains. However, significant challenges persist, such as algorithmic bias, difficult data governance, and regulatory lag. The present study contributes to this landscape by offering a scientific framework of augmented finance in a climate context. It also suggests a proposed future research agenda with emphasis on impact assessment, algorithmic transparency, and impact on financial stability.