Version 1
: Received: 29 April 2024 / Approved: 30 April 2024 / Online: 30 April 2024 (11:22:54 CEST)
How to cite:
Berríos-Rolón, P. J.; Cotto, M.; Márquez, F. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Freshwater Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Sources, Distribution, and Impacts. Preprints2024, 2024041983. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1983.v1
Berríos-Rolón, P. J.; Cotto, M.; Márquez, F. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Freshwater Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Sources, Distribution, and Impacts. Preprints 2024, 2024041983. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1983.v1
Berríos-Rolón, P. J.; Cotto, M.; Márquez, F. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Freshwater Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Sources, Distribution, and Impacts. Preprints2024, 2024041983. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1983.v1
APA Style
Berríos-Rolón, P. J., Cotto, M., & Márquez, F. (2024). Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Freshwater Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Sources, Distribution, and Impacts. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1983.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Berríos-Rolón, P. J., María Cotto and Francisco Márquez. 2024 "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Freshwater Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Sources, Distribution, and Impacts" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.1983.v1
Abstract
This review paper presents a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on the contamination of water systems by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs, organic contaminants characterized by two or more fused aromatic rings, are notably problematic due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and significant health risks. The review commences with an examination of various sources of PAHs in aquatic environments, encompassing both anthropogenic activities, such as industrial discharges, urban runoff, and oil spills, and natural phenomena including volcanic eruptions and wildfires. Subsequently, the discussion shifts to the distribution patterns of PAHs within different aquatic ecosystems, with an analysis of factors that influence their transport. Considerable focus is placed on the entry mechanisms of PAHs into water systems and their interactions with diverse environmental matrices. Additionally, the ecotoxicological effects of PAHs on aquatic life are scrutinized, with particular emphasis on molecular, individual, and ecosystemic impacts. This includes an exploration of PAH bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms and their potential mutagenic and carcinogenic consequences. The review further addresses the challenges associated with detecting and quantifying PAHs in aquatic settings, reflecting on the advancements in analytical methodologies and the complexities introduced by their varied physicochemical properties. The paper concludes with a summary of existing regulatory frameworks and guidelines governing PAH contamination in water systems, underscoring the imperative for global collaboration in the monitoring and management of PAH pollution.
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
