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17 April 2024
Posted:
17 April 2024
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Variables | HFpEF Group (n=52) |
Non-HFpEF Group (n=106) | P Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 82.0 ± 6.6 | 71.3 ± 11.4 | <0.0001 | |
Sex, male, n (%) | 16 (30.8%) | 52 (49.1%) | 0.029 | |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.5 ± 4.2 | 23.1 ± 3.8 | 0.51 | |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 132.0 ± 16.8 | 125.1 ± 18.2 | 0.024 | |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 68.4 ± 12.4 | 71.3 ± 11.2 | 0.14 | |
Heart Rate, beats/min | 73.9 ± 15.9 | 73.0 ± 14.7 | 0.72 | |
Pulse Pressure, mmHg | 63.6 ± 14.6 | 53.7 ± 14.7 | <0.001 | |
-Blood tests | ||||
Albumin, g/dL | 3.6 ± 0.6 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 | |
Glucose, mg/dL | 103 (87, 113) | 106 (94,127) | 0.07 | |
Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.9 (5.6, 6.4) | 6.0 (5.6, 6.7) | 0.46 | |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.014 | |
BUN, mg/dL | 22.3 ± 10.7 | 18.5 ± 8.9 | <0.001 | |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 51.9 ± 17.1 | 62.5 ± 19.3 | <0.001 | |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 187 (148, 215) | 187 (163, 210) | 0.67 | |
LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 91 (72, 117) | 99 (76, 120) | 0.64 | |
HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 63 (45, 82) | 61 (50, 75) | 0.56 | |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 100 (79, 134) | 112 (85, 159) | 0.17 | |
AST, U/L | 22 (19, 29) | 22 (18, 27) | 0.38 | |
ALT, U/L | 14 (10, 20) | 14 (10, 22) | 0.33 | |
γGTP, U/L | 22 (15, 40) | 26 (17, 45) | 0.40 | |
LDH, U/L | 225 (173, 275) | 166 (150, 184) | <0.0001 | |
ALP, U/L | 181 (90, 246) | 127 (72, 223) | 0.14 | |
hs-CRP, mg/dl | 0.21 (0.06, 0.61) | 0.08 (0.04, 0.19) | 0.007 | |
Leukocyte, /µL | 5350 (4100, 6100) | 5500 (4500, 6400) | 0.29 | |
Hemoglobin, g/dl | 11.4 ± 1.9 | 13.5 ± 1.8 | <0.0001 | |
Platelets, ×104/μl | 20.3 ± 7.8 | 21.3 ± 6.4 | 0.42 | |
PTH (intact), pg/mL | 50.0 (35.0, 70.5) | 39.0 (29.0, 55.0) | 0.07 | |
1,25(OH)2VD, (VD3), pg/mL | 34.0 (27.0, 46.0) | 48.0 (37.0, 59.0) | <0.010 | |
FGF23, pg/mL | 51.2 (34.7, 79.8) | 42.6 (34.6, 48.7) | 0.042 | |
Calcium, mg/dL | 8.8 ± 0.5 | 9.0 ± 0.5 | 0.07 | |
Phosphate, mg/dL | 3.51 ± 0.52 | 3.51 ± 0.46 | 0.97 | |
Magnesium, mg/dL | 2.22 ± 0.28 | 2.23 ± 0.17 | 0.96 | |
BNP, pg/mL | 145.4 (73.5, 343.2) | 26.7 (13.4, 60.1) | <0.0001 | |
sinus | 77.9 (60.9, 126.1) | 23.7 (12.7, 50.9) | <0.0001 | |
af | 267.0 (145.5, 491.9) | 50.1 (36.8, 176.9) | <0.0001 | |
-Thoraxic CT (Calcification) Thoraxic Agatston Score, HU |
4182 (874, 9532) |
1372 (322, 4213) |
0.003 |
|
Calcification volume Score, HU | 5666 (1291, 11479) | 1930 (436, 5669) | 0.004 | |
-Central Blood pressure Index | ||||
Reflection Magnitude, % | 65 (60, 72) | 67 (59, 74) | 0.60 | |
Augmentation press., mmHg | 10 (6, 13) | 7 (4, 15) | 0.039 | |
Augmentation index, % | 25 (19, 33) | 20 (11, 37) | 0.029 | |
PWV, m/s | 12.3 (10.9, 13.1) | 10.2 (9.1, 11.8) | <0.0001 | |
Central SBP, mmHg | 121.1 ± 16.6 | 110.0 ± 16.5 | <0.001 | |
Central DBP, mmHg | 77.3 ± 14.8 | 75.6 ± 12.5 | 0.46 | |
Central Pulse Pressure, mmHg | 43.7 ± 13.5 | 34.5 ± 10.3 | <0.0001 | |
-Cardiac Echo | ||||
LVDd, mm | 43.0 ± 5.5 | 42.0 ± 5.2 | 0.27 | |
LVDs, mm | 27.2 ± 4.8 | 26.5 ± 4.9 | 0.40 | |
IVST, mm | 10.5 ± 1.6 | 9.8 ± 1.5 | 0.006 | |
PWT, mm | 10.3 ± 1.7 | 9.5 ± 1.5 | 0.005 | |
LVMI, g/m2 | 102 (80, 118) | 81 (69, 96) | <0.0001 | |
Relative Wall Thickness | 0.46 (0.41, 0.55) | 0.42 (0.40, 0.46) | 0.002 | |
Septal e’ | 5.2 (4.3, 6.0) | 7.2 (6.1, 9.0) | <0.0001 | |
Septal E/e’ ratio | 16.0 (15.3, 17.6) | 10.0 (8.1, 11.6) | <0.0001 | |
TR velocity, m/sec | 2.7 (2.6, 3.0) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.6) | <0.0001 | |
LVEF (teichholz), % | 67.3 (61.0, 72.6) | 68.4 (63.0, 72.7) | 0.53 | |
E/A ratio, | 0.81 ± 0.37 | 0.77 ± 0.25 | 0.49 | |
Dct time, mmsec | 221.8 ± 90.3 | 226.5 ± 56.0 | 0.69 | |
LA dimension, mm | 41.4 ± 8.6 | 34.0 ± 6.4 | <0.0001 | |
-Smoking habit | ||||
Habitual smoking, n (%) | 12/41 (29.3%) | 37/82 (45.1%) | 0.09 | |
-Complication | ||||
Hypertension, n (%) | 39 (75.0%) | 61(57.5%) | 0.032 | |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 13 (28.8%) | 24 (22.6%) | 0.40 | |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 10 (19.2%) | 26 (24.5%) | 0.46 | |
Af history, n (%) | 28 (53.8%) | 21 (19.8%) | <0.0001 |
Variables | Male (n=68) | Female (n=90) | P Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 72.4 ± 12.8 | 76.7 ± 9.6 | 0.017 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.0 ± 3.1 | 22.7 ± 3.1 | 0.044 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 127.0 ± 18.9 | 127.7 ± 17.7 | 0.81 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 71.8 ± 12.1 | 69.2 ± 11.2 | 0.18 |
Heart Rate, beats/min | 71.1 ± 14.0 | 74.8 ± 15.6 | 0.14 |
Pulse Pressure, mmHg | 55.2 ± 15.5 | 58.4 ± 15.2 | 0.19 |
-Blood tests | |||
Albumin, g/dL | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 0.30 |
Glucose, mmol/L | 110 (97, 129) | 99 (91,113) | 0.006 |
Hemoglobin A1c, % | 6.2 (5.6, 6.9) | 5.9 (5.6, 6.1) | 0.10 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 0.024 |
BUN, mg/dL | 18.5 ± 8.8 | 20.7 ± 10.2 | 0.15 |
eGFR, | 59.8 ± 16.4 | 58.5 ± 21.1 | 0.68 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 172 (149, 198) | 199 (166, 215) | 0.002 |
LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 93 (68, 113) | 101 (82, 123) | 0.11 |
HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L | 53 (41, 67) | 69 (59, 82) | <0.0001 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 111 (99, 144) | 104 (77, 143) | 0.35 |
AST, U/L | 23 (19, 29) | 22 (18, 26) | 0.31 |
ALT, U/L | 17 (13, 26) | 12 (9, 17) | <0.001 |
γGTP, U/L | 39 (28, 61) | 20 (14, 28) | <0.0001 |
LDH, U/L | 174 (150, 214) | 181 (159, 215) | 0.29 |
ALP, U/L | 145 (70, 242) | 166 (89, 245) | 0.16 |
hs-CRP, mg/dl | 0.14 (0.06, 0.35) | 0.09 (0.03, 0.22) | 0.042 |
Leukocyte, /µL | 5500 (4400, 6500) | 5400 (4400, 6100) | 0.35 |
Hemoglobin, g/dl | 13.6 ± 2.4 | 12.2 ± 1.5 | <0.0001 |
Platelets, ×104/μl | 20.0 ± 6.4 | 21.7 ± 7.2 | 0.15 |
PTH (intact), pg/mL | 41.5 (30.0, 56.0) | 40.0 (31.0, 64.0) | 0.81 |
1,25(OH)2VD, (VD3), pg/mL | 41.0 (30.0, 57.0) | 44.0 (30.0, 58.0) | 0.91 |
FGF23, pg/mL | 42.9 (37.5, 52.3) | 45.0 (33.6, 73.8) | 0.42 |
Calcium, mg/dL | 8.8 ± 0.4 | 9.0 ± 0.5 | 0.08 |
Phosphate, mg/dL | 3.36 ± 0.44 | 3.60 ± 0.50 | 0.016 |
Magnesium, mg/dL | 2.23 ± 0.17 | 2.23 ± 0.24 | 0.97 |
BNP, pg/mL | 38.2 (19.7, 101.3) | 60.9 (19.0, 134.9) | 0.27 |
sinus | 24.7 (14.2, 60.1) | 34.9 (14.4, 85.0) | 0.23 |
af | 175.4 (50.7, 345.6) | 176.9 (63.4, 391.5) | 0.63 |
-Thoraxic CT (Calcification) Thoraxic Agatston Score, HU |
3333 (1207, 8622) |
1956 (369, 5486) |
0.26 |
Calcification volume Score, HU | 4558 (1093, 8622) | 2543 (550, 7174) | 0.21 |
-Central Blood pressure Index | |||
Reflection Magnitude, % | 65 (59, 70) | 69 (61, 75) | 0.025 |
Augmentation press., mmHg | 7.0 (4.0, 12.5) | 8.0 (5.0, 17.0) | 0.032 |
Augmentation index, % | 17.0 (9.0, 30.0) | 24.5 (17.0, 38.0) | 0.001 |
PWV, m/s | 10.5 (9.5, 12.5) | 11.2 (9.9, 12.6) | 0.12 |
Central SBP, mmHg | 112.7 ± 17.4 | 112.7 ± 17.0 | 0.47 |
Central DBP, mmHg | 78.9 ± 12.8 | 74.0 ± 13.0 | 0.018 |
Central Pulse Pressure, mmHg | 55.2 ± 15.5 | 58.4 ± 15.2 | 0.19 |
-Cardiac Echo | |||
LVDd, mm | 45.0 ± 4.2 | 40.3 ± 5.2 | <0.0001 |
LVDs, mm | 29.2 ± 4.5 | 25.0 ± 4.3 | <0.0001 |
IVST, mm | 10.3 ± 1.5 | 9.8 ± 1.6 | 0.023 |
PWT, mm | 10.2 ± 1.6 | 9.5 ± 1.5 | 0.006 |
LVMI, g/m2 | 93.5 (77.9, 107.0) | 80.5 (71.3, 100.0) | 0.028 |
Relative Wall Thickness | 0.42 (0.40, 0.47) | 0.44 (0.40, 0.49) | 0.11 |
Septal e’ | 6.5 (5.8, 9.0) | 6.0 (4.8, 7.3) | 0.006 |
Septal E/e’ ratio | 10.8 (8.0, 15.2) | 12.4 (9.6, 15.5) | 0.029 |
TR velocity | 2.5 (2.3, 2.9) | 2.6 (2.3, 2.8) | <0.0001 |
LVEF (teichholz), % | 65.9 (59.3, 71.5) | 69.1 (64.0, 74.7) | 0.53 |
E/A ratio, | 0.83 ± 0.34 | 0.75 ± 0.23 | 0.14 |
Dct time, mmsec | 215.4 ± 66.8 | 232.1 ± 70.1 | 0.13 |
LA dimension, mm | 37.5 ± 8.0 | 35.6 ± 7.9 | 0.14 |
-Smoking habit | |||
Habitual smoking, n (%) | 41 (60.3 %) | 8 (8.9 %) | <0.0001 |
-Complication | |||
HFpEF, n (%) | 16 (23.5 %) | 36 (40.0 %) | 0.029 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 38 (55.9 %) | 62 (68.9 %) | 0.09 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 23 (33.8 %) | 16 (17.8 %) | 0.021 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 11 (16.2%) | 25 (27.8 %) | 0.09 |
Af history, n (%) | 22 (32.4 %) | 27 (30.0 %) | 0.75 |
Osteoporosis, n (%) | 7/24 (29.2%) | 33/52 (63.5%) | 0.005 |
Hip total BMD, 0.75(YAM80%) | 87.2 ± 20.1 | 68.2 ± 17.1 | <0.0001 |
HFpEF | Coef. | Std. Err. | t | p>|t| | 95% Conf. Interval | |
PWV | 0.11133 | 0.01573 | 7.08 | <0.001 | 0.0803 | 0.1424 |
Age | 0.01871 | 0.00300 | 6.23 | <0.001 | 0.0128 | 0.0246 |
Central Systolic BP | 0.00822 | 0.00210 | 3.92 | <0.001 | 0.0041 | 0.0124 |
eGFR | -0.00713 | 0.00188 | -3.79 | <0.001 | -0.0108 | -0.0034 |
Agatston Score | 0.00003 | 0.00001 | 2.98 | 0.004 | 0.0000 | 0.0001 |
Sex (male) | -0.16471 | 0.07830 | -2.20 | 0.029 | -0.3125 | -0.1670 |
Serum FGF23 | 0.00353 | 0.00160 | 2.20 | 0.030 | 0.0003 | 0.0067 |
Hypertension | 0.16586 | 0.07691 | 2.16 | 0.033 | -0.0394 | 0.3178 |
Serum Vitamin D3 | -0.00432 | 0.00202 | -2.15 | 0.034 | -0.0083 | -0.0003 |
Parathyroid hormone | 0.00253 | 0.00152 | 1.66 | 0.099 | -0.0005 | 0.0056 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 0.07369 | 0.08706 | 0.85 | 0.399 | -0.0983 | 0.2456 |
Body Mass Index | 0.00623 | 0.00951 | 0.65 | 0.514 | -0.0126 | 0.0250 |
HFpEF | Coef. | Std. Err. | t | p>|t| | 95% Conf. Interval | |
PWV Higher Value | 0.39451 | 0.06696 | 5.89 | <0.001 | 0.2622 | 0.5270 |
Hypertension | 0.15155 | 0.06972 | 2.17 | 0.031 | 0.0132 | 0.2893 |
Sex (Male) | -0.10425 | 0.06823 | -1.53 | 0.129 | -0.2390 | 0.0305 |
-cons | -0.08095 | 0.07505 | 1.08 | 0.283 | -0.0674 | 0.2291 |
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