Version 1
: Received: 5 April 2024 / Approved: 8 April 2024 / Online: 8 April 2024 (17:00:23 CEST)
How to cite:
Andreani, L.; Venturini, A.; Spada, G.; Amorosi, G.; Gillone, G.; Miarelli, C.M.; Camangi, F.; Stefani, A.; Delogu, C. Tuscan Archipelago National Park: Preservation and Valorization of Local Landraces of Brassica and Phaseolus Species. Preprints2024, 2024040584. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0584.v1
Andreani, L.; Venturini, A.; Spada, G.; Amorosi, G.; Gillone, G.; Miarelli, C.M.; Camangi, F.; Stefani, A.; Delogu, C. Tuscan Archipelago National Park: Preservation and Valorization of Local Landraces of Brassica and Phaseolus Species. Preprints 2024, 2024040584. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0584.v1
Andreani, L.; Venturini, A.; Spada, G.; Amorosi, G.; Gillone, G.; Miarelli, C.M.; Camangi, F.; Stefani, A.; Delogu, C. Tuscan Archipelago National Park: Preservation and Valorization of Local Landraces of Brassica and Phaseolus Species. Preprints2024, 2024040584. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0584.v1
APA Style
Andreani, L., Venturini, A., Spada, G., Amorosi, G., Gillone, G., Miarelli, C.M., Camangi, F., Stefani, A., & Delogu, C. (2024). Tuscan Archipelago National Park: Preservation and Valorization of Local Landraces of Brassica and Phaseolus Species. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0584.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Andreani, L., Agostino Stefani and Chiara Delogu. 2024 "Tuscan Archipelago National Park: Preservation and Valorization of Local Landraces of Brassica and Phaseolus Species" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0584.v1
Abstract
The maintenance of traditional agricultural practices in protected small islands is closely linked to the preservation of the land, the protection of natural resources, and the conservation of local traditions. For this purpose, the Tuscan Archipelago National Park promoted the census of ancient horticultural varieties preserved by some farmers on the island of Elba. The survey revealed a deep-rooted historical, cultural, social, and economic link between this germplasm and the island’s territory. A scientific characterization of the landrace under ethnobotanical, morphological, and genetic aspects was carried out. Among these local varieties, two landraces of the Brassica species and three landraces of the Phaseolus species were identified and analyzed in this study. To ascertain their distinguishability and uniqueness, similar varieties were also identified based on morpho-physiological characteristics or territorial proximity and compared with the Elban landraces. Morpho-phenological data were collected, and molecular analyses were carried out using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. Ten different SSR loci were considered for the Phaseolus species and nine for the Brassica species. The Tuscan Archipelago landraces showed a high level of internal variability but were clearly distinct from each other and from the analyzed varieties, as shown by AMOVA (Analysis of Molecular Variance). Their distinctness was further highlighted by the UPGMA dendrogram obtained from the genetic distance matrix. The same results were confirmed by Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). This study confirms the peculiarity of the Elban landraces, their biodiversity is a heritage to be safeguarded, which can also be used in future breeding programs. These ancient Elban landraces were allocated to local farmers (most were young farmers) to protect them from extinction and to promote more resilient varieties cultivation compared to commercial hybrids widely spread in the area. Local farmhouses also play a strategic role in safeguarding the germplasm and dissemination of sustainable agricultural practices. There is high demand for ancient Elban landraces, this has led to the development of a new local economy balanced between agricultural tradition and innovation.
Keywords
landrace; local germplasm; on-farm conservation; Biosphere Reserve; custodian farmers; SSR markers, population structure
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Other
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
