Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Neuromodulation and the Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders

Baha’ Aljeradat
ORCID logo ,
Danisha Kumar
ORCID logo ,
Suliman Abdulmuizz
,
Mrinmoy Kundu
,
Yasser F. Almealawy
ORCID logo ,
Dima Ratib Batarseh
ORCID logo ,
Oday Atallah
ORCID logo ,
Michelle Ennabe
,
Muath Alsarafandi
,
Albert Alan
* ,
Martin Weinand
Version 1 : Received: 1 April 2024 / Approved: 2 April 2024 / Online: 2 April 2024 (10:40:18 CEST)

How to cite: Aljeradat, B.; Kumar, D.; Abdulmuizz, S.; Kundu, M.; Almealawy, Y.F.; Batarseh, D.R.; Atallah, O.; Ennabe, M.; Alsarafandi, M.; Alan, A.; Weinand, M. Neuromodulation and the Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders. Preprints 2024, 2024040188. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0188.v1 Aljeradat, B.; Kumar, D.; Abdulmuizz, S.; Kundu, M.; Almealawy, Y.F.; Batarseh, D.R.; Atallah, O.; Ennabe, M.; Alsarafandi, M.; Alan, A.; Weinand, M. Neuromodulation and the Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders. Preprints 2024, 2024040188. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202404.0188.v1

Abstract

The gut-brain axis (GBA) represents a complex, bidirectional communication network that intri-cately connects the gastrointestinal tract with the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding and intervening in this axis opens a pathway for therapeutic advancements. In light of this, the current review assesses the effectiveness of neuromodulation techniques in treating neurological and gastrointestinal disorders by modulating the GBA, involving key elements such as gut micro-biota, neurotrophic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines. Through a comprehensive literature review encompassing PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, and analyzing 182 relevant articles, this research highlights how neuromodulation can positively impact the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), chronic pain, inflammation, and a range of GI disorders like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite existing challenges, the ability of neuromodulation to adjust disrupted neural pathways, alleviate pain, and mitigate in-flammation is significant in improving the quality of life for patients, thereby offering exciting prospects for future advancements in patient care.

Keywords

Gut-Brain-Axsis; Neuromodulation; Deep Brain stimulation; Vagus nerve Stimulation; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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