Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Chikungunya Virus Vaccine: An Update Review

Mohd Sayeed Shaikh
,
Md. Faiyazuddin
ORCID logo ,
Mubasshera Sabir Khan
,
Shahbaz K. Pathan
,
Imran J. Syed
,
Mohammad Shabib Akhtar
,
Ranjit Sah
,
Rachana Mehta
,
Sanjit Sah
,
D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
* ORCID logo ,
Camila Luna
,
Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
Version 1 : Received: 26 March 2024 / Approved: 29 March 2024 / Online: 29 March 2024 (10:16:25 CET)

How to cite: Shaikh, M. S.; Faiyazuddin, M.; Khan, M. S.; Pathan, S. K.; Syed, I. J.; Akhtar, M. S.; Sah, R.; Mehta, R.; Sah, S.; Bonilla-Aldana, D. K.; Luna, C.; Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. Chikungunya Virus Vaccine: An Update Review. Preprints 2024, 2024031838. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1838.v1 Shaikh, M. S.; Faiyazuddin, M.; Khan, M. S.; Pathan, S. K.; Syed, I. J.; Akhtar, M. S.; Sah, R.; Mehta, R.; Sah, S.; Bonilla-Aldana, D. K.; Luna, C.; Rodriguez-Morales, A. J. Chikungunya Virus Vaccine: An Update Review. Preprints 2024, 2024031838. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.1838.v1

Abstract

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a single-stranded RNA virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, poses a significant global health threat, with severe complications observed in vulnerable populations. The only licensed vaccine, IXCHIQ, approved by the USFDA, is insufficient to address the growing disease burden, particularly in endemic regions lacking herd immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), explicitly targeting structural proteins E1/E2, demonstrate promise in passive transfer studies, with mouse and human-derived mAbs showing protective efficacy. The article explores various vaccine candidates, including live attenuated, killed, nucleic-acid-based (DNA/RNA), virus-like particle, chimeric, subunit, and adenovirus vectored vaccines. RNA vaccines emerge as promising candidates due to their rapid response capabilities and enhanced safety profile. The review underscores the importance of E1 and E2 proteins as immunogens, emphasising their antigenic potential. Several vaccine candidates, such as CHIKV/IRES, measles vector (MV-CHIK), synthetic DNA-encoded antibodies, and mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccines, demonstrate encouraging preclinical and clinical study results. In addition to identifying potential molecular targets for antiviral therapy, the study looks into the roles played by Toll-like receptors, RIG-I, and NOD-like receptors in the immune response to CHIKV. It also offers insights into novel tactics and promising vaccine candidates.

Keywords

chikungunya; prevention; vaccines; epidemiology; RNA vaccines

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Tropical Medicine

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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