Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

MicroRNAs in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A State of Art from Biogenesis to Clinical Future Perspectives and Artificial Intelligence Possible Applications

Federica Li Pomi
ORCID logo ,
Lorena Incorvaia
ORCID logo ,
Giuseppe Badalamenti
ORCID logo ,
Antonio Russo
,
Mario Vaccaro
ORCID logo ,
Sebastiano Gangemi
,
Francesco Borgia
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 15 March 2024 / Approved: 15 March 2024 / Online: 18 March 2024 (16:04:14 CET)

How to cite: Li Pomi, F.; Incorvaia, L.; Badalamenti, G.; Russo, A.; Vaccaro, M.; Gangemi, S.; Borgia, F. MicroRNAs in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A State of Art from Biogenesis to Clinical Future Perspectives and Artificial Intelligence Possible Applications. Preprints 2024, 2024030962. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0962.v1 Li Pomi, F.; Incorvaia, L.; Badalamenti, G.; Russo, A.; Vaccaro, M.; Gangemi, S.; Borgia, F. MicroRNAs in Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A State of Art from Biogenesis to Clinical Future Perspectives and Artificial Intelligence Possible Applications. Preprints 2024, 2024030962. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202403.0962.v1

Abstract

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive skin cancer characterized by two etiologies: the first one, observed in most cases, is attributed to Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), a DNA tumor virus, while the second one is due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure. Currently, there are limited diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers available for MCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that do not code for proteins but regulate various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been associated with a wide range of cancers since they can act as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. This paper aims to collect, summarize and re-organize the recent discoveries concerning miRNAs, whose dysregulation in the pathogenesis and progression of MCC is slowly emerging. Furthermore, the potential clinical applications of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers, possible differentiation between MCPyV-related and unrelated MCC, predictors of response to therapy and prognostics are also discussed. From this review, it emerges that miRNAs may have, in the near future, the potential to become clinically significant in improving the diagnostic accuracy, prognostic evaluation, and therapeutic options of MCCs. Finally, the new perspectives on the poorly explored field of artificial intelligence in MCC are provided.

Keywords

merkel cell carcinoma; microRNA; miRNA; exosomes; circRNA; artificial intelligence; machine learning; merkel cell polyomavirus

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Dermatology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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