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A peer-reviewed article of this preprint also exists.
This version is not peer-reviewed
Submitted:
08 March 2024
Posted:
11 March 2024
You are already at the latest version
Ref. | Sex | Age | Country | Medicine | Cost | Location | Distance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EG01 | F | 20-40 | Egypt | Cough medicine | City | Close | |
KN01 | M | 20-40 | Kenya | Antibiotics | £0.03 | Village | |
KN03 | M | 40-60 | Kenya | Amoxycilin | Village | 1km | |
KN04 | M | 20-40 | Kenya | Malaria tablets | £3.23 | Village | 5km/£2.59 |
KN05 | M | 60+ | Kenya | Coartem | £0.13 | City | Close |
KN06 | F | 20-40 | Kenya | Malaria tablets | Town | Close | |
KN07 | M | 20-40 | Kenya | Pain killer, curatives | £0.66 | Village | Close |
KN08 | M | 40-60 | Kenya | Malaria (AL) | £0.97 | Village | 2km |
KN09 | M | 20-40 | Kenya | Panadol | £0.84 | Village | 2km |
KN10 | M | 40-60 | Kenya | Chrotin B | £1.29 | Village | 6km |
KN11 | F | 20-40 | Kenya | Quinine | £2.91 | Village | 2km |
KN12 | F | 20-40 | Kenya | Flugone | £1.29 | Village | 3km/£1.94 |
KN13 | M | 40-60 | Kenya | Cold Cups | £0.32 | Village | 1km |
KN15 | M | 20-40 | Kenya | Ibuprofen | £1.62 | Village | 2km |
KS01 | F | 20-40 | Kazakhstan | Repronact | £2.09 | Village | 3.5km |
NG01 | M | 40-60 | Nigeria | Artesunate | £1.49 | Town | Close |
TZ01 | M | 40-60 | Tanzania | Coartem | Village | 4 hours | |
TZ02 | M | 60+ | Tanzania | Paladrin | £1.53 | Town | Close |
TZ03 | M | 60+ | Tanzania | for Stomach Abscess | £0.31 | Town | Close |
TZ04 | F | 40-60 | Tanzania | Malafin, Panadol, Maleratab | £1.53 | Town | 10-15 mins |
UG01 | M | 40-60 | Uganda | Quinine | £3.95 | Village | 30km/£6.59 |
UK01 | F | <20 | UK | Roacutane, Erythromycin | Free | Village | 5km |
UK02 | M | 40-60 | UK | multiple | Free | Town | 1km |
UK03 | F | >60 | UK | Metformin | Free | Town | 1km |
UK04 | M | >60 | UK | Antibiotics | £8.20 | City | 5km |
UK05 | M | >60 | UK | for Angina | Free | Town | 2km |
UK06 | F | >60 | UK | Sulfasalazine,Methotrexate | Free | Town | 2km |
ZI01 | F | 20-40 | Zimbabwe | Amoxycilin | Village | ||
ZM01 | M | 40-60 | Zambia | Coartem | Free | Village | Close |
Category | Value | Number of interviewees |
---|---|---|
Sex | Male Female |
11 19 |
Age range | <20 20-40 40-60 >60 |
1 12 10 7 |
World - developing | Total Of which:
|
24 1 14 1 1 4 1 1 1 |
World – developed | UK | 6 |
Type of location | City Town Village |
3 9 18 |
Medicine | Antibiotics Cough medicine Malaria medicine Painkillers Other |
5 2 11 4 8 |
Medicine cost | Free <£1 £1-£2 £2-£3 >£3 Unstated |
6 8 6 2 3 5 |
Distance to obtain | <1km 1-2km 3-4km 5-6km >7km Unstated |
8 11 3 4 2 2 |
Transcription code | Interview example | Ref. |
Distance, positive, close | …pharmacies in every street… just down the road from our flat But if I need to get it from a pharmacy it’s a km I walk, I take one minute to get to the health centre Not very far. Just walk to get them It was 2km away 2km from my home 2km from my home 2km from home About 1km Pharmacy isn’t far, about 10-minute walk from my house Just nearby. Two minutes Just a few meters… two minutes’ walk Not too far Only 10 minutes’ walk to the [small] pharmacy… when you want to go to the big pharmacy it takes about 15 minutes |
EG01 KN03 KN05 KN06 KN08 KN09 KN11 KN15 KN14 KZ01 NG01 TZ02 TZ03 TZ04 |
Instructions, negative, foreign language, verbal | I don’t understand colloquial Arabic | EG01 |
Instructions, negative, foreign language, written | I think we figured out the written instructions …you really don’t understand the reading …people who can’t even read |
EG01 EG01 EG01 |
Utensils, negative, missing | I don’t think there was a spoon. I think we had to buy it separately | EG01 |
People, positive, present | Probably my husband was there sometimes Mum and my younger sisters were there It’s better for someone to make sure you get the full dose Mother and brothers were there Grandmother was there with me as I have no parents I was with the physician only Family members With a friend My parents My wife is the one who was always reminding me to take it |
EG01 KN04 KN06 KN09 KN11 KN13 KN14 KN15 KZ01 TZ03 |
Content, negative, unknown | …you really don’t have a clue what’s in it... [it’s] at the back of your head that it could be anything I don’t like taking medicine…because of the idea that it’s chemicals… natural ones are better than synthetic |
EG01 NG01 |
Branding, positive, known | I suppose the branding just makes you trust it more | EG01 |
Motivation, negative, last resort | I think I sort of used it as a last resort Just like when I’m really sick, I’m like distressed for getting better… makes me take the pills Urge to get healed I was physically weak and mentally disturbed… I felt desperate Totally disturbed… Eager to know its [effect] Felt hard to use since I don’t like medicines I’d have taken anything |
EG01 KN03 KN07 KN08 KN10 KN15 KZ01 |
Diagnosis, negative, foreign language, verbal | …would have helped if the person that we saw could speak English | EG01 |
Taste, negative, bad | Sometimes obviously the taste of the medicine …the taste of the drugs I don’t like it. I don’t like taking medicine because of the taste They don’t taste well when you swallow them. Bad taste [not completing the full dosage] is primarily caused by… difficulty in taking the medicine due to… taste… I took one but couldn’t take more because of the nasty taste |
EG01 KN03 NG01 TZ03 ZI01 ZM01 |
Effects, negative, bad | …it’s not good for you… Sometimes it can harm the body …if I take the medicine it weakens my body for some time …in fact the body constitution was changed… The medicine itself was reactive… …the Coartem seems to be a bit too much for me I hear about these doctors saying about how conventional medicines affect the liver |
EG01 KN10 KN15 TZ02 TZ02 ZM01 ZM01 |
Effects, negative, side, general | …there’s all these side effects… I don’t like taking medicine because… there’s side effects …taking tablets irritates them |
EG01 NG01 TZ01 |
Beliefs, negative, others, too dependent | …“Paracetamol doesn’t work for you because you keep taking it” …so I’ll have to bargain for half a tablet of Paracetamol if my temperature is high as a kid, they didn’t believe in medicine much |
EG01 KZ01 |
Beliefs, negative, profit, pharma | …this thing about the pharmaceutical industry and how they’re making profit | EG01 |
Beliefs, negative, profit, herbal | …the natural remedy people are also making their profit as well | EG01 |
Stop, negative, better | I wouldn’t even [complete the course] if the GP said “make sure you finish the course” …after 3 days you feel like you’re ok. You’re like, “No I don’t need to get more medicines then” Many people [stop when they feel better] Sometimes I’ll take it according to the prescription but sometimes I stop when I feel better Sometimes I feel that I’m feeling better When they see they’re a little better they stop taking the tabs …then I got well… feeling well before finishing the dose When one takes the medicine and gets better maybe he feels fine, so it’s difficult for him to finish the dose And some, when they feel better, then drop the medicine [not completing the full dosage] is primarily caused by early signs of healing… For some, I think the moment they feel better they choose not to take any more |
EG01 KN03 KN06 NG01 TZ01 TZ01 TZ03 TZ04 TZ04 ZI01 ZM01 |
Cost, positive, low | At the hospital sometimes we don’t pay About 100 Tz Shillings [£0.03, $0.05] Ksh20 [£0.13, $0.20] Ksh70 [£0.47, $0.72] Ksh50 [£0.33, $0.52] Tsh1000 [£0.30, $0.46] We go to the hospitals. They give out malaria tablets for free For things like Coartem… they don’t really charge |
KN03 KN01 KN05 KN12 KN14 TZ03 TZ04 ZM01 |
Reminder, positive, alarm | I use an alarm for night Some medicines I have to put alarm on reminding myself not to forget this |
KN01 KZ01 |
Taste, negative, bitter | It’s… bitter I think there should be much… reduce the bitterness Some medicines are bitter this makes it hard to consume too… bitter Bitterness of the medicine… it is so bitter I hate medicine. They are bitter Reduce the bitterness… of the tabs It becomes easier to take if medicine is tasty… [Make them] a bit sweet Better something that is sweet Some are very, very… some are not sweet, you know. They’re so sour. I think if maybe sweeter, then somebody can swallow it easier And some, because the medicine is soooo bitter, drop it from taking the whole dose |
KN01 KN01 KN07 KN09 KN11 KN12 KN04 KN07 KN09 NG01 TZ04 TZ04 |
Size, negative, big | It’s big… One is like the size of the pill This tablets are in large sizes and so swallowing becomes a problem The size is too big Size of this medicine is so big …at least the size of it should be moderate to make easier swallowing Reduce… the largeness of the tabs A bit… small[er] [not completing the full dosage] is primarily caused by… difficulty in taking the medicine due to… size… …you swallow them and it feels like you haven’t swallowed them and you wonder how you’re going to take the next tablets… |
KN01 KN03 KN08 KN09 KN11 KN01 KN04 KN09 ZI01 ZM01 |
Formulation, negative, injection | I fear injections! I prefer medicines than the injection I prefer oral |
KN01 KN03 KN07 |
Effects, negative, side, specific | I’ve read about side effects like your digestive system… Some people develop boils, others get sick, get weak, sweat a lot …now vomit… …I feel like vomiting …I could feel dizziness in me …they take medicines and end up vomiting …you become very tired It makes me feel so dizzy, a lot of noise in the ears, chilling of the body, loss of appetite, sometimes vomiting. This makes [me] feel bad, dodge the dosage …even produce a smell when urinating or on the skin or in sweat… Sick for a whole week and all that, the headaches, stomach stuff, the pains. I thought not to go through all that [by consuming the medicine] |
EG01 KN01 KN03 KN06 TZ02 TZ02 TZ04 UG01 ZI01 ZM01 |
Taste, positive, sweet | The ones we have around here are very sugary so very easy for someone to take I liked it |
KN03 KN14 |
Distance, negative, far | If I need to get from the hospital I have to go 4km away 5km from home. Travelled by Nissan at a cost of ksh400 [$3.95, £3] …good pharmacy shops are not available in the rural areas Almost 6km 4km from home 3km from home. Used a motorbike which costed ksh200 [£1.33, $2.06] The problem is the pharmacy doesn’t open on Monday so we had to drive to her home about 3.5km away 4 hours [travel time] It’s 30km to and from, to the pharmacy. $10 [£6.57] transport |
KN03 KN04 KN07 KN10 KN12 KN13 KZ01 TZ01 UG01 |
Beliefs, negative, others, stigma | …when I’m there I’m not feeling comfortable to take the pills… so stigma itself can cause or make someone not to take the medicines… stigma is a major issue I sometimes I never just wanted to take medicine, because that I feared for stigma… sometimes when I wanted to take that medicine I could just hide People are afraid of that stigma… when people have HIV and AIDS they always try to hide it from people |
KN03 TZ02 TZ02 |
Food, positive, present |
Use of porridge Porridge I had eaten My mum was cooking Yes [I have food]. Normally you have to eat for medicine I do take it with… porridge |
KN11 KN12 KN15 KZ01 NG01 TZ04 |
Food, negative, absent | If you don’t have something to eat you won’t take the drug… you have nothing to eat …take them after every meal. This was not possible due to poorness. We cannot afford 3 meals a day so it was hard to take the tabs in the afternoon… I did not take it at that time because I was hungry and tired No [I did not consume] I was hungry I wasn’t getting enough food… I really felt that drug if I hadn’t eaten It’s difficult to have enough food to visit the prescription We Africans take some medicines with not enough food They require a lot of drinks and eating well but we are poor we can’t afford most of the requirements. Sometimes we have a single meal a day |
KN03 KN04 KN04 KN11 KZ01 TZ01 TZ01 UG01 |
Beliefs, negative, foreign origin | I don’t like taking medicine because… it’s foreign | NG01 |
Beliefs, negative, lack of faith | …if you don’t have that [faith to be healed] then you’ll have to take medicine | TZ02 |
Course, negative, long | …sometimes prescriptions take long time, many days for you to finish the dose I wished I could consume them once and over… I thought I would be given medicine to consume once and over… In general medicines are difficult for me to take. The dosage may be long It becomes easier to take medicine… does not taking too long To get relieved at once Others they are not following the information [from the doctor] They take long to heal, it’s a long dosage of 3-6 days |
KN03 KN04 KN07 KN09 TZ04 UG01 |
Stop, negative, replaced by other | …maybe going for other drugs to see if they treat quicker… I end up not taking the other dose… | KN03 |
Stop, negative, keep | They act like emergency for my family I keep it just in case I get a re-occurrence of same symptom. Then I take the leftover when I cannot get to buy another Here in Africa, many people… keeping a dose… |
KN03 NG01 TZ01 |
Motivation, positive, stay well | I don’t want to feel sick again tomorrow so I must complete the medicine If maybe I could default then I could have been maybe in danger In general I think it’s good for taking all malaria tabs because if you don’t… then you can feel worse when malaria attacks again |
KN06 TZ02 TZ04 |
Motivation, positive, get well | Hopes came with the medicine… I used my illnesses as a reason to take it right away I knew soon I will be well |
KN13 KN14 |
Effects, positive, others | Also, experience from other people. If maybe my [family] used the same drug and she got well, definitely that helps me to finish… | KN03 |
Regimen, negative, unacceptable | You realise it’s hard for me to wake up in the midnight to take pills Personally I go for prescription guidelines [as cause of failure]. They easily make me not to finish the prescription And with the tablets, they feel like there’s too many |
KN03 KN03 ZM01 |
Cost, negative, high | Ksh500 [$4.95, $3.75] was the cost of the medicine Ksh150 [£1, $1.53] Ksh130 [£0.87, $1.33] Ksh200 [£1.34, $2.05] Ksh450 [£3.01, $4.60] Ksh300 [£2, $3.09] to buy the medicine Ksh250 [£1.67, $2.57] Fairly expensive for Kazakhstan…about £3-4… they tend to look at how you’re dressed 450 Nira [£1.49, $2.27] …malaria medicine is not affordable to a lot of people… Tsh2000, 5000 [£0.58, $0.91; £1.46, $2.27] depending on the quantity … but mainly in hospitals there are less malaria tabs so most people go to buy them in the pharmacy… there are some tablets from India, there are some tabs from Western countries and then there are some tablets from the local, from within the country. So within the country you can find them at tsh1000 [£0.29, $0.45]. And then tabs from outside the country goes to tsh3000 [£0.88, $1.36] to tsh5000 [£1.47, $2.27] …some cannot afford the full dose $6 [£3.94] medicine |
KN04 KN08 KN09 KN10 KN11 KN13 KN15 KZ01 NG01 NG01 TZ02 TZ04 TZ04 UG01 |
Instructions, negative, misunderstood | I know how to take Coartem… we take two tabs, two times a day | KN05 |
Instructions, positive, clear, verbal | They explained it clearly how to take it I knew… by listening My teacher told me to follow the doctor’s prescription …the doctor showed me the correct way I just listened to a doctor so that I can follow what he has told me I followed the instruction given to me by the doctor I realised its importance… after being taught the effects of that medics when taken wrongly |
KN05 KN07 KN11 KN14 TZ01 TZ03 UG01 |
Course, positive, acceptable | I take it up to the last one I take it until I use all the tablets I do follow the information |
KN05 NG01 TZ04 |
Effects, negative, others | I just see them, they want to go vomit | KN06 |
Stop, negative, discarded | They throw it away, because you can’t go on taking the medicine | KN06 |
Access, negative, hard | …with curative I found after going to various pharmacy shops I did not obtain the medicine [until]… the third shop |
KN07 KN08 |
Formulation, positive, liquid | Personally I would go for liquid People around here with children they like syrups If they can convert this tabs into syrup… the better |
KN03 KN07 KN08 |
Regimen, negative, unexpected | I could not actually imagine there will be a prescription or directive on how to take the medicine… I thought I could just… consume regardless… I thought I will get better at that moment I get a medicine to drink once and get cured I had planned to take large amounts It was not in my plan to consumer it according to the prescriptions… |
KN08 KN11 KN13 KN14 UG01 |
Water, negative, absent | The medicine was to be consumed… with a lot of water which I did not have sufficient of… I lacked water… I was thinking of taking the medicine without water | KN08 |
People, negative, absent | There was no body… No [I did not consume] On my own… No, I stopped [not completing the full dosage] is primarily caused by… difficulty in taking the medicine due to… lack of monitoring of the sick by fit family members |
KN08 TZ04 ZI01 |
Smell, negative, bad | This medicine has a smell and this smell surely disturbs me a lot when taking the medicine Some medicines do emit a pungent smell that will cause nausea and vomiting… [Is the smell sufficient to stop taking?] Yes bro absolutely! As soon as you open the package you actually feel the strong smell |
KN08 ZI01 |
Beliefs, positive, confidence | I had confidence that it will relieve my pain | KN09 |
Water, positive, present | Water helped me to consume Water… helped Water …with a lot of water. Yes, I have enough water I do take it with tea… Yes, yes. I have access Yes, my eldest sister, they take their medicine with Coca-Cola |
KN09 KN11 KN12 TZ03 TZ04 ZM01 ZM01 |
Formulation, positive, injection | [Easier] through syringe I prefer the injection before because I don’t like the taste of medicine …in the east region [of Africa] there are some people… the majority… who prefer injections… The other [sister], they prefer the injections to tablets |
KN09 NG01 TZ02 ZM01 |
Beliefs, positive, others | I had been informed about its advantages | KN10 |
Instructions, negative, unclear, written | So even though the packaging said something else, the doctor specified “something something 3 times”. I had to ask my parents to decode the curvier writing. [without that] it would have been a bit of a guess | KZ01 |
Regimen, positive, acceptable | I didn’t mind for instance at night-time to wake up | KZ01 |
Regimen, negative, complex | [Prefer] once per day [Prefer to] take many dosage for a quick recovery I would like to take it whenever I go to bed I had to make sure that they eat in the morning… the first two tablets of the day were regular and then not When I go to the clinic, I just get the diagnosis and I go for other medications… there were too many tablets. So I took my pawpaws and I was ok in 2 days. The malaria was all gone |
KN12 KN14 KN15 KZ01 ZM01 |
Regimen, negative, forgot | And then once I forgot, I misplaced it, so I missed it The time I forgot to take it. I repeated the dose that I did not take |
KZ01 TZ03 |
Instructions, negative, unclear, verbal | So it was a very vague direction so I didn’t assume that it was critical | KZ01 |
Routine, negative, absent | …if your day gets mixed up with night and you’re really not sure any more what to stick to That occurs so much in Africa! Maybe you can miss in that case in the evening, or forget in the morning and then take in the afternoon then miss in the evening, or someone can take 6 at once! …some people I know only take them in the night |
KZ01 TZ04 TZ04 |
Routine, positive, present | I tend to be pedantic about those things… I’ve been given a task… I’m going to do this… I might as well do it properly I try as much as possible to get it at home. After my meal, my breakfast, and when I return from work I make sure that I am in the house I just started following the prescription strictly… I was at home I remember if I want to eat I have to take medicine [Are you always at home?] Yes, it is |
KZ01 NG01 TZ01 TZ02 TZ03 TZ04 |
Cost, negative, herbal, low | …the herbal [malaria medicines] are very cheap …medicines from China… food supplement… cheaper Or if you don’t have money you just can take some local medicine |
NG01 NG01 TZ04 |
Beliefs, negative, value | Sometimes they say that the tablets are weak | TZ01 |
Stop, negative, busy | I was occupied maybe from work Because maybe they’re occupied |
TZ03 TZ03 |
Storage, negative, unsafe | …maybe the people being lazy can just put them where children are reaching and then the children can consume them… it can be more dangerous | TZ04 |
Stop, negative, run out | …some cannot afford the full dose | TZ04 |
Transcription code | Interview example | Ref. |
Distance, positive, close | Walk… We don’t live too far away, about half a mile 10 yards. The doctor’s and the chemist’s are together About a quarter of a mile About a mile |
UK02 UK03 UK04 UK05 UK06 |
People, positive, present | [What made applying it possible?] Someone else did it Obviously have breakfast together and dinner… …with the family I took the responsibility on so she didn’t have to think about it Yes. “Have you taken your tablets?” |
UK01 UK02 UK04 UK04 UK05 |
Content, negative, unknown | I wouldn’t want to be putting a lot of stuff into my body that I didn’t know what it was doing | UK06 |
Motivation, negative, last resort | I never want to take drugs… only because he said to take them I took them I was sad that I was prescribed it for the illness I was said to have, but I took it |
UK04 UK05 |
Stop, negative, better | I don’t take the prescribed dose every day… I can go a fortnight without taking them… when I haven’t got the symptoms I’ll knock them… I’ll take them for several days until I notice it’s subsided and then I’ll stop |
UK05 UK05 |
Cost, positive, low | [They’re all free?] Yes [It didn’t cost you anything?] No Fortunately [wife] had an exemption… Free [You don’t have to pay?] No |
UK01 UK03 UK04 UK05 UK06 |
Instructions, positive, clear, written | [Easy to understand?] Yes It was written on the doctor’s prescription. And a copy on the packet I think the label on the tablet bottle said that …it has a little leaflet inside Because it was on the box that the tablets came in |
UK01 UK03 UK04 UK05 UK06 |
Size, negative, big | The Sulfasalazine are quite large and hard but no, no problem… just the size, but as long as my tea is not too hot | UK06 |
Food, negative, absent | Sometimes when I remembered there wasn’t another chance to eat | UK01 |
Stop, negative, keep | I don’t feel any ill effects by not taking them… I’ve got those in stock that I can draw on if I need | UK05 |
Motivation, positive, stay well | I don’t want to have any problem coming up because I’ve forgotten to take them or decided not to take the medicine he’s prescribed. That would be foolish And from starting to take those tablets I have had no swelling and no pain. I still take them I was extremely grateful that there was something I was being given to keep down the… pain, and it did I don’t want to risk a return to the swelling and pain… I would not risk stopping taking them |
UK02 UK06 UK06 UK06 |
Motivation, positive, get well | [Positive results encouraged you to carry on?] Yes I was happy because it would take away a lot of the pain The results were absolutely magical, marvellous, a miracle |
UK03 UK04 UK06 |
Regimen, negative, unacceptable | I didn’t put it on my back very often because it was hard to get to… I had to clean it before, so that was annoying as well | UK01 |
Cost, negative, high | Yes, £7 or whatever | UK04 |
Instructions, negative, misunderstood | It said take 2 twice a day but I didn’t know what that meant | UK01 |
Instructions, positive, clear, verbal | I think he must have said “take one per day”, which I did every morning I was told how to take them |
UK03 UK05 |
Course, positive, acceptable | [Take in accordance with the prescription?] Yes | UK01 |
Water, negative, absent | Sometimes. Not always | UK01 |
People, negative, absent | [And when you didn’t apply it you were on your own?] Yes | UK01 |
Water, positive, present | […take them all with water?] Yes I took it with a drink …with a cup of tea Water ..with a cup of tea |
UK02 UK03 UK04 UK05 UK06 |
Regimen, positive, acceptable | …breakfast time is set and teatime is set so twice a day fits in quite happily with that I didn’t need to take one 3 times a day. I could take the 3 at breakfast time |
UK04 UK06 |
Regimen, negative, complex | I had to take it with food 8 hours apart, an hour before I ate…I had to take it during the gap between my lessons before lunch but that’s actually 50 minutes… and then on the bus as soon as I got on, for tea… there were a lot of times I actually forgot [If you had a choice of how to take...?] I’d say not with food Especially the hour before food, you don’t know when you’re next going to have food …it was a real concoction of working out what she needed at each time so I devised a spreadsheet It was something that sounds simple but was such an onerous task day after day You might have run out of 50s but you’ve got 25s so you give three 25s or combinations of… it was an absolute logistical nightmare |
UK01 UK01 UK01 UK04 UK04 UK04 |
Regimen, negative, forgot | Perhaps very very occasionally if we’ve been out to a late dinner… I might have forgotten Well very rarely |
UK02 UK03 |
Instructions, negative, unclear, verbal | …and the pharmacist might have grunted that at me as he passed it over Initially, yes, but everything was so fluid… that it became evident that it didn’t really matter too much |
UK04 UK04 |
Routine, negative, absent | …change in routine, like on a weekend… or I was staying in someone’s house, I’d forget to take it …but if we ate upstairs or in a different room I wouldn’t take it |
UK01 UK01 |
Routine, positive, present | …one in the morning and one at night. Getting up and going to bed. Part of the routine… Just sort of when getting up or going to bed it jogged my memory I put it in the dining room because I had to take it with a meal I take certain ones with a drink with my breakfast or before my breakfast, and I have some… in the evening also before I take a drink I fill the containers… for 7 days… [then] I don’t forget them… I’m capable of remembering what should be in each I always took the packet out and took it with my breakfast So it was quite easy as long as I’d got them with me In the morning with breakfast with a cup of tea… evening meal again with a cup of tea In a morning [At breakfast?] Yes [Do you have them in a box with flaps?] Yes. [Does that help?] Very much so I got a little box with a week of separated compartments… I don’t have to think about it in a morning At the breakfast table |
UK01 UK01 UK01 UK02 UK02 UK03 UK03 UK04 UK05 UK05 UK06 UK06 |
Stop, negative, run out | We had to eke them out instead of having like 2 tablets twice a day we had to have 1… | UK04 |
Access, positive, easy | Mum picked it up Walk, or perhaps drive in if I’m going to town… it’s a standing order… it’s very simple Collected from Boots… they have an arrangement by which you collect regular medicines [It wasn’t inconvenient?] No We just go and pick it up from the chemist It could be delivered to me but I’m usually out… so I call |
UK01 UK02 UK03 UK03 UK05 UK06 |
Motivation, negative, tired | [When you didn’t apply it, you were…?] Tired | UK01 |
Beliefs, negative, pointless | There didn’t seem to be a lot of point [in consuming]… I don’t know really what I’m taking tablets for… I doubt his diagnosis actually… If I’ve no pain then I don’t need it preventing |
UK01 UK05 |
Reminder, positive, general | Some kind of reminder, especially when I’m staying over | UK01 |
Instructions, positive, compliant | I have been advised by my doctor to take these… and therefore I’m quite happy to take whatever he has prescribed… I just do as I’m asked to do |
UK02 UK06 |
Formulation, positive, tablet | No it was very simple as it is, in foil In my case, no. They’re just tablets [wife] was always very good at swallowing tablets I find tablets pretty easy [What you’ve got is fine?] Yes |
UK03 UK04 UK04 UK05 UK06 |
Size, positive, small | [Any problems?] No. [Small enough?] Swallow them down | UK05 |
Effects, positive, side, none | [Any side effects?] Not to my knowledge | UK06 |
Number | Question |
---|---|
1 | What medicine do you wish to share your experiences of? |
2 | Is this your first time with this medicine or is it a repeat prescription? |
3 | How far was it to a pharmacy? |
4 | How much did it cost you to buy the medicine? |
5 | Did you obtain the medicine? |
6 | If you obtained the medicine, how did you feel about it at the time? |
7 | Did you actually plan to consume it in line with the prescription? |
8 | Did you know how to take this medicine? How do you know? |
9 | Please describe your physical surroundings on various occasions when the prescription said you should consume? Who and what was there and not there? |
10 | What were you thinking and feeling? |
11 | How were your physical and mental health? |
12 | Did you actually consume at that time? |
13 | What helped you to consume or prevented you from consuming? |
14 | Is there anything about the medicine that makes it hard for you to take it? What would make it easier for you? |
15 | If you had the choice, how would you like to take this medicine? |
16 | Anything else you want to say about what makes it easy or difficult to take medicines for you personally? |
Category | Positive attributes | Negative attributes |
---|---|---|
Distance | Close | Far |
Access | Easy | Hard |
Cost | Low | High Herbal, low |
Diagnosis | Foreign language, verbal | |
Instructions |
Clear, verbal Clear, written |
Foreign language, verbal Foreign language, written Unclear, verbal Unclear, written Misunderstood |
Utensils | Missing | |
People | Present | Absent |
Content | Unknown | |
Norms | Others, stigma | |
Branding | Known | |
Beliefs | Others Confidence |
Others, too dependent Lack of faith Foreign origin Profit, pharma Profit, herbal Value Pointless |
Motivation | Last resort Stay well Get well |
Tired |
Stop |
Keep Replaced by other Discarded Better Busy Run out |
|
Effects | Others Side, none |
Others Side, general Side, specific Bad |
Taste |
Sweet |
Bad Bitter |
Formulation | Tablet Liquid Injection |
Injection |
Regimen |
Acceptable |
Unexpected Unacceptable Complex Forgot |
Reminder | General Alarm |
|
Water | Present | Absent |
Food | Present | Absent |
Size | Small | Big |
Smell | Bad | |
Course | Acceptable |
Long |
Routine | Present | Absent |
Storage | Unsafe |
Taxonomic entity | Categories |
---|---|
Patient motivation | Motivation |
Patient agency | Course, Routine, Stop |
Patient beliefs | Beliefs |
Consumption context | People, Utensils, Reminder, Water, Food, Storage, Norms |
Product affordance | Content, Branding, Effects, Taste, Formulation, Size, Smell, Instructions, Regimen, Distance, Access, Cost, Diagnosis |
Reason | Seen in interview |
---|---|
Concern with medicine content | EG01 |
Verbal instructions in foreign language | EG01 |
Written instructions in foreign language | EG01 |
Pharmaceutical industry profits | EG01 |
Herbal medicine industry profits | EG01 |
Feeling better | KN03 UK05 TZ01 |
Lack of food | KN03 KN04 TZ01 |
Lack of water | KN08 UK01 |
Concern that medicine is of foreign origin | NG01 |
Lack of faith leading to need for medicine | TZ02 |
One medicine being replaced by another | KN03 |
Medicine kept for future occasions | KN03 NG01 TZ01 UK05 |
Medicine kept for family need | KN03 NG01 TZ01 |
Instructions misunderstood | UK01 KN05 |
Difference between written and verbal instructions | KZ01 |
Lack of routine | UK01 |
Lack of safe storage | TZ04 |
Forgetfulness | KZ01 TZ03 |
Run out of medicine | UK04 |
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