Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The L1014F Knockdown Resistance Mutation Is Not a Strong Correlate of Phenotypic Resistance to Pyrethroids in Florida Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus

Alden S Estep
* ORCID logo ,
Neil D Sanscrainte
ORCID logo ,
Jason Stuck
,
Isik Unlu
,
Agne Prasauskas
,
Stephanie J Mundis
,
Nicholas Cotter
ORCID logo ,
Ana L Romero-Weaver
ORCID logo ,
Troy J Fedirko
,
Natalie L Kendziorski
,
Kyle J Kosinski
,
Daviela Ramirez
,
Eva A Buckner
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 20 February 2024 / Approved: 21 February 2024 / Online: 23 February 2024 (06:26:01 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Estep, A.S.; Sanscrainte, N.D.; Stuck, J.; Unlu, I.; Prasauskas, A.; Mundis, S.J.; Cotter, N.; Romero-Weaver, A.L.; Fedirko, T.J.; Kendziorski, N.L.; Kosinski, K.J.; Ramirez, D.; Buckner, E.A. The L1014F Knockdown Resistance Mutation Is Not a Strong Correlate of Phenotypic Resistance to Pyrethroids in Florida Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus. Insects 2024, 15, 197. Estep, A.S.; Sanscrainte, N.D.; Stuck, J.; Unlu, I.; Prasauskas, A.; Mundis, S.J.; Cotter, N.; Romero-Weaver, A.L.; Fedirko, T.J.; Kendziorski, N.L.; Kosinski, K.J.; Ramirez, D.; Buckner, E.A. The L1014F Knockdown Resistance Mutation Is Not a Strong Correlate of Phenotypic Resistance to Pyrethroids in Florida Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus. Insects 2024, 15, 197.

Abstract

Culex quinquefasciatus is an important target for vector control because of its ability to transmit pathogens that cause disease. Most populations are resistant to pyrethroids and often to organophosphates, the two most common classes of active ingredients used by public health agencies. A knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation, resulting in a change from a leucine to phenylalanine in the voltage gated sodium channel, is one mechanism contributing to the pyrethroid resistant phenotype. Enzymatic resistance has also been shown to play a very important role. Recent studies have shown strong resistance in populations even when kdr is relatively low which indicates factors other than kdr may be larger contributors to resistance. In this study, we examined on a statewide scale (over 70 populations), the strength of the correlation between resistance in the CDC bottle bioassay and the kdr genotypes and allele frequencies. Spearman correlation analysis showed only moderate (-0.51) and weak (-0.29) correlation between the kdr genotype and permethrin and deltamethrin respectively. The frequency of the kdr allele was an even weaker correlate. These results indicate, in contrast to Aedes aegypti, assessing kdr in populations of Culex quinquefasciatus is not a good surrogate for phenotypic resistance testing.

Keywords

Culex quinquefasciatus; insecticide resistance; knockdown resistance (kdr); CDC bottle bioassay; Florida

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Insect Science

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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