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Non-mutational Key Features in the Biology of Thymomas
Version 1
: Received: 8 February 2024 / Approved: 8 February 2024 / Online: 9 February 2024 (08:17:34 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Küffer, S.; Müller, D.; Marx, A.; Ströbel, P. Non-Mutational Key Features in the Biology of Thymomas. Cancers 2024, 16, 942. Küffer, S.; Müller, D.; Marx, A.; Ströbel, P. Non-Mutational Key Features in the Biology of Thymomas. Cancers 2024, 16, 942.
Abstract
Thymomas (TH) are a unique group of heterogeneous tumors of the thymic epithelium. In particular, the subtypes B2 and B3 tend to be aggressive and metastatic. Radical tumor resection remains the only curative option for localized tumors, while more advanced TH require multimodal treatment. Deep sequencing analyses have failed to identify known oncogenic driver mutations in TH, with the notable exception of the GTF2I mutation, which occurs predominantly in type A and AB TH. However, there are multiple alternative non-mutational mechanisms (e.g., perturbed thymic developmental programs, metabolism, non-coding RNA networks) that control cellular behavior and tumorigenesis through deregulation of critical molecular pathways. Here, we attempted to show how the results of studies investigating such alternative mechanisms could be integrated into a current model of TH biology. This model could be used to focus ongoing research and therapeutic strategies.
Keywords
Thymus; thymoma; oncogenic driver; mutations; chromosomal aberrations; RNA; methylation; gene expression; apoptosis; proteomics, metabolomics
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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