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Types of Cell Death and Their Relations to Host Immunological Pathways
Version 1
: Received: 26 January 2024 / Approved: 26 January 2024 / Online: 26 January 2024 (13:46:53 CET)
How to cite: Hu, W. Types of Cell Death and Their Relations to Host Immunological Pathways. Preprints 2024, 2024011920. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1920.v1 Hu, W. Types of Cell Death and Their Relations to Host Immunological Pathways. Preprints 2024, 2024011920. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1920.v1
Abstract
Host immunological pathways have been proposed including TH1, TH2, TH3, TH9, TH17, TH22, TH1-like, and THαβ immune reactions. Besides TH2 and TH9 immune responses which are against multicellular parasites, host immunological pathways against viruses, intracellular micro-organisms (bacteria, protozoa, and fungi), and extracellular micro-organisms can use programmed cell death pathways to trigger immune reactions or to execute effective strategies to eliminate these pathogens. These programmed cell deaths include apoptosis, autophagic death, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis. Apoptosis is related to host anti-virus eradicable THαβ immunity. Autophagic death is related to host anti-virus tolerable TH3 immunity. Pyroptosis is related to host anti-intracellular micro-organism eradicable TH1 immunity. Ferroptosis is related to host anti-intracellular micro-organism tolerable TH1-like immunity. Necroptosis is related to host anti-extracellular micro-organism eradicable TH22 immunity. NETosis is related to host anti-extracellular micro-organism tolerable TH17 immunity.
Keywords
cell death; immune response; infection
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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