Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment

Martina Fattobene; Fuyong Liu; Paolo Conti; Silvia Zamponi; Catia Governatori; Sandro Nardi; Raffaele Emanuele Russo; Mario Berretoni

doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1

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preprints.org > chemistry and materials science > analytical chemistry > doi: 10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment

^* ,

Raffaele Emanuele Russo

Mario Berretoni

Version 1 : Received: 19 January 2024 / Approved: 21 January 2024 / Online: 22 January 2024 (04:28:10 CET)

How to cite: Fattobene, M.; Liu, F.; Conti, P.; Zamponi, S.; Governatori, C.; Nardi, S.; Russo, R.E.; Berretoni, M. Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment. Preprints 2024, 2024011538. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1 Fattobene, M.; Liu, F.; Conti, P.; Zamponi, S.; Governatori, C.; Nardi, S.; Russo, R.E.; Berretoni, M. Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment. Preprints 2024, 2024011538. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fattobene, M.; Liu, F.; Conti, P.; Zamponi, S.; Governatori, C.; Nardi, S.; Russo, R.E.; Berretoni, M. Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment. Preprints 2024, 2024011538. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1

APA Style

Fattobene, M., Liu, F., Conti, P., Zamponi, S., Governatori, C., Nardi, S., Russo, R.E., & Berretoni, M. (2024). Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fattobene, M., Raffaele Emanuele Russo and Mario Berretoni. 2024 "Distribution of Elements in Durum Wheat Seed and Milling Products, Discrimination of Cultivation Methods by Multivariate Data Treatment" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.1538.v1

Abstract

Durum wheat is an important staple food used to obtain several products. At first the wheat is milled to obtain different products: bran, semolina and flour. These products are the base of several artifacts with varying properties both from a nutritional point of view and flavoring characteristics. It is known that most elements concentrate in the outer layers of the wheat seed (pericarp and aleurone) so that the content of the elements vary a lot in the ground products. The present study investigates the characterizing elements of the milled products and the effect of cultivation protocol applied. We measured, by ICP-OES, the concentration of 28 elements in the whole seed and in any grinding products; the results show that only few elements characterize each product. Few elements, but different for each product, permit to disclose the kind of agri-cultural method used: organic or conventional protocol. Five elements: B, Cd, Cu, K, Se, are the most important to distinguish between organic and conventional agriculture by PCA and PLS analysis; these elements also permit some differentiation of products.

Keywords

cereals; wheat; ICP-OES; spectroscopy; chemometry; classification

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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