Small Extracellular Vesicles And Oxidative Pathophysiological Mechanisms In Retinal Degenerative Diseases

Francisco Javier Romero; Manuel Diaz-Llopis; M Inmaculada Romero-Gomez; María Miranda; Rebeca Romero-Wenz; Javier Sancho-Pelluz; Belen Romero; María Muriach; Jorge M Barcia

doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0507.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > ophthalmology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202401.0507.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Small Extracellular Vesicles And Oxidative Pathophysiological Mechanisms In Retinal Degenerative Diseases

Francisco Javier Romero

^* ,

Manuel Diaz-Llopis

M Inmaculada Romero-Gomez

Version 1 : Received: 4 January 2024 / Approved: 5 January 2024 / Online: 8 January 2024 (04:22:14 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Romero, F.J.; Diaz-Llopis, M.; Romero-Gomez, M.I.; Miranda, M.; Romero-Wenz, R.; Sancho-Pelluz, J.; Romero, B.; Muriach, M.; Barcia, J.M. Small Extracellular Vesicles and Oxidative Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Retinal Degenerative Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1618. Romero, F.J.; Diaz-Llopis, M.; Romero-Gomez, M.I.; Miranda, M.; Romero-Wenz, R.; Sancho-Pelluz, J.; Romero, B.; Muriach, M.; Barcia, J.M. Small Extracellular Vesicles and Oxidative Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Retinal Degenerative Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1618.

Abstract

This review focuses on the role of small extracellular vesicles in the pathophysiological mechanisms of retinal degenerative diseases. Many of these mechanisms are related or modulated by the oxidative burden of the retinal cells. It has been recently demonstrated that cellular communication in the retina involves extracellular vesicles and that their rate of release and cargo features might be affected by the cellular environment and in some instances also mediated by autophagy. The fate of these vesicles is diverse, and could end up in the circulation and be used as markers, or target neighbour cells modulating gene and protein expression and eventually also angiogenesis. Neovascularization in the retina promotes vision loss in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The importance of micro RNAs, either as small extracellular vesicles’ cargo or free circulating, on the regulation of retinal angiogenesis is also discussed.

Keywords

retina; exosomes; oxidative stress; autophagy; microrna

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Ophthalmology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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