Köster, K.-A.; Dethlefs, M.; Duque Escobar, J.; Oetjen, E. Regulation of the Activity of the Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase by Distinct Mechanisms. Cells2024, 13, 333.
Köster, K.-A.; Dethlefs, M.; Duque Escobar, J.; Oetjen, E. Regulation of the Activity of the Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase by Distinct Mechanisms. Cells 2024, 13, 333.
Köster, K.-A.; Dethlefs, M.; Duque Escobar, J.; Oetjen, E. Regulation of the Activity of the Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase by Distinct Mechanisms. Cells2024, 13, 333.
Köster, K.-A.; Dethlefs, M.; Duque Escobar, J.; Oetjen, E. Regulation of the Activity of the Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase by Distinct Mechanisms. Cells 2024, 13, 333.
Abstract
The dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) alias mitogen-activated protein 3 kinase 12 (MAP3K12) has gained much attention in recent years. DLK belongs to the mixed lineage kinases, characterized by homology to serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase but exerts serine/threonine kinase activity. DLK has been implicated in many diseases including several neurodegenerative diseases, glaucoma, and diabetes mellitus. As a MAP3K, it is generally assumed that DLK becomes phosphorylated and activated by upstream signals and phosphorylates and activates itself, the downstream serine/threonine MAP2K, and ultimately MAPK. In addition, other mechanisms such as protein-protein interactions, proteasomal degradation, dephosphorylation by various phosphatases, palmitoylation, and subcellular localization have been shown to be involved in the regulation of DLK activity or its fine-tuning. In the present review, the diverse mechanisms regulating DLK activity will be summarized to provide a better insight into DLK action and possibly new targets to modulate DLK function.
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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