Seretis, K.; Boptsi, E.; Boptsi, A. Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2024, 25, 2617.
Seretis, K.; Boptsi, E.; Boptsi, A. Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 2617.
Seretis, K.; Boptsi, E.; Boptsi, A. Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2024, 25, 2617.
Seretis, K.; Boptsi, E.; Boptsi, A. Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 2617.
Abstract
Standard Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) treatment involves surgery, recently combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy in case of advanced tumors. Exosomes, integral to carcinogenesis, are found in NMSC, releasing mediators impacting tumor progression. Nevertheless, the precise intercellular signaling role of NMSC-derived exosomes remains unclear. This review aims to elucidate their potential role in NMSC diagnosis and treatment. A systematic review encompassed literature searches in electronic databases from inception to September 2023, based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, addressing NMSC-derived exosomes, their molecular cargo and their implications in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of NMSC. Key components were identified. Extracellular vesicle (EV) proteins and RNA emerged as diagnostic biomarkers in EV-based liquid biopsy. Circular RNA CYP24A1, known for its molecular stability, holds promise as a diagnostic biomarker. Long noncoding RNAs (lincRNA-PICSAR) and Desmoglein 2 (DSg2) are linked to drug resistance, serving as prognostic biomarkers. EV mediators are actively investigated for their potential role as drug delivery agents. In conclusion, this systematic review showed that NMSC-derived EVs display promise as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Further research is imperative to fully comprehend exosome mechanisms and explore their potential in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics
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