Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Tip of the Iceberg: A New Wave of Iron-Sulfur Cluster Proteins Found in Viruses
Version 1
: Received: 18 December 2023 / Approved: 19 December 2023 / Online: 19 December 2023 (09:09:12 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Heffner, A.L.; Maio, N. Tip of the Iceberg: A New Wave of Iron–Sulfur Cluster Proteins Found in Viruses. Inorganics 2024, 12, 34. Heffner, A.L.; Maio, N. Tip of the Iceberg: A New Wave of Iron–Sulfur Cluster Proteins Found in Viruses. Inorganics 2024, 12, 34.
Abstract
Viruses rely on host cells to replicate their genomes and assemble new viral particles. Thus, they have evolved intricate mechanisms to exploit host factors. Host cells, in turn, have developed strategies to inhibit viruses, resulting in a nuanced interplay of co-evolution between virus and host. This dynamic often involves competition for resources crucial for both host cell survival and virus replication. Iron and iron-containing cofactors, including iron-sulfur clusters, are known to be a heavily battled resource during bacterial infections where control over iron can tug the war in favor of the pathogen or the host. It is logical to assume that viruses also engage in this competition. Surprisingly, our knowledge about how viruses utilize iron (Fe) and iron-sulfur (FeS) clusters remains limited. The handful of reviews on this topic primarily emphasize the significance of iron in supporting the host immune response against viral infections. The aim of this review, however, is to organize our current understanding of how viral proteins utilize FeS clusters, to give perspectives on what questions to ask next and to propose important avenues for future investigations.
Keywords
iron-sulfur clusters; HSC20; HSPA9; viral proteins; SARS-CoV-2; cytoplasmic iron-sulfur assembly machinery (CIA); virus-host interaction; DNA replication and repair
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Virology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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