Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Methotrexate and Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment Change the Oral-Gut Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Study

Sicília Rezende Oliveira
,
José Alcides Almeida De Arruda
,
Jôice Dias Corrêa
,
Valessa Florindo Carvalho
,
Julliane Dutra Medeiros
,
Ayda Henriques Schneider
,
Caio Cavalcante Machado
,
Letícia Fernanda Duffles
,
Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes
ORCID logo ,
Débora Cerqueira Calderaro
,
Mario Taba Junior
ORCID logo ,
Lucas Guimarães Abreu
,
Sandra Yasuyo Fukada
,
Renê Donizeti Ribeiro Oliveira
,
Paulo Louzada-Júnior
,
Fernando Queiroz Cunha
,
Tarcília Aparecida Silva
*
Version 1 : Received: 5 December 2023 / Approved: 6 December 2023 / Online: 6 December 2023 (10:28:22 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Oliveira, S.R.; de Arruda, J.A.A.; Corrêa, J.D.; Carvalho, V.F.; Medeiros, J.D.; Schneider, A.H.; Machado, C.C.; Duffles, L.F.; Fernandes, G.R.; Calderaro, D.C.; Júnior, M.T.; Abreu, L.G.; Fukada, S.Y.; Oliveira, R.D.R.; Louzada-Júnior, P.; Cunha, F.Q.; Silva, T.A. Methotrexate and Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment Change the Oral–Gut Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 68. Oliveira, S.R.; de Arruda, J.A.A.; Corrêa, J.D.; Carvalho, V.F.; Medeiros, J.D.; Schneider, A.H.; Machado, C.C.; Duffles, L.F.; Fernandes, G.R.; Calderaro, D.C.; Júnior, M.T.; Abreu, L.G.; Fukada, S.Y.; Oliveira, R.D.R.; Louzada-Júnior, P.; Cunha, F.Q.; Silva, T.A. Methotrexate and Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment Change the Oral–Gut Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 68.

Abstract

This study evaluated the influence of methotrexate (MTX) and non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on the composition of the oral-gut microbiota in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Assessments were performed at baseline (T0), 6 months after MTX treatment (T1), and 45 days after NSPT (T2). The composition of the oral and gut microbiota was assessed by amplifying the V4 region of the 16S gene from subgingival plaques and stools. The results of the analysis of continuous variables were presented descriptively and non-parametric tests were adopted. Thirty-seven patients (27 with periodontitis) were evaluated at T0; 32 patients (24 with periodontitis) at T1; and 28 patients (17 with periodontitis) at T2. Nine individuals were lost to follow-up. MTX tended to reduce the alpha diversity of the oral-gut microbiota, while NSPT appeared to increase the number of different species of oral microbiota. MTX and NSPT influenced beta diversity in the oral microbiota. The relative abundance of oral microbiota was directly influenced by periodontal status. MTX did not affect the periodontal condition but modified the interactions between clinical parameters and the oral-gut microbiota. MTX and NSPT directly affected the composition and richness of the oral-gut microbiota. However, MTX did not influence periodontal clinical parameters.

Keywords

gut microbiome; methotrexate; microbiota; periodontitis; rheumatoid arthritis; mouth

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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