Preprint Article Version 3 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Membrane-Associated Ubiquitin Ligase RNF152 Orchestrates Melanogenesis via Tyrosinase Ubiquitination

Version 1 : Received: 4 December 2023 / Approved: 5 December 2023 / Online: 5 December 2023 (14:33:53 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 6 December 2023 / Approved: 6 December 2023 / Online: 7 December 2023 (07:42:01 CET)
Version 3 : Received: 27 December 2023 / Approved: 27 December 2023 / Online: 28 December 2023 (07:13:10 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Ueda, R.; Hashimoto, R.; Fujii, Y.; Menezes, J.C.J.M.D.S.; Takahashi, H.; Takeda, H.; Sawasaki, T.; Motokawa, T.; Tokunaga, K.; Fujita, H. Membrane-Associated Ubiquitin Ligase RING Finger Protein 152 Orchestrates Melanogenesis via Tyrosinase Ubiquitination. Membranes 2024, 14, 43. Ueda, R.; Hashimoto, R.; Fujii, Y.; Menezes, J.C.J.M.D.S.; Takahashi, H.; Takeda, H.; Sawasaki, T.; Motokawa, T.; Tokunaga, K.; Fujita, H. Membrane-Associated Ubiquitin Ligase RING Finger Protein 152 Orchestrates Melanogenesis via Tyrosinase Ubiquitination. Membranes 2024, 14, 43.

Abstract

Lysosomal degradation of tyrosinase, a pivotal enzyme in melanin synthesis, negatively impacts melanogenesis in melanocytes. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which lysosomes target tyrosinase have remained elusive. Here, we identify RING finger protein 152 (RNF152) as a membrane-associated ubiquitin ligase specifically targeting tyrosinase for the first time, utilizing AlphaScreen technology. We observed that modulating RNF152 levels in B16 cells, either via overexpression or siRNA knockdown, resulted in decreased or increased both tyrosinase and melanin levels, respectively. Notably, RNF152 and tyrosinase colocalized at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). However, upon treatment with lysosomal inhibitors, both proteins appeared in the lysosomes, indicating that tyrosinase undergoes RNF152-mediated lysosomal degradation. Through ubiquitination assays, we found the indispensable roles of both the RING and transmembrane (TM) domains of RNF152 in facilitating tyrosinase ubiquitination. In summary, our findings underscore RNF152 as a tyrosinase-specific ubiquitin ligase essential for regulating melanogenesis in melanocytes.

Keywords

lysosome; melanogenesis; melanosome; RNF152; tyrosinase; ubiquitin ligase

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology

Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 28 December 2023
Commenter: Hideaki Fujita
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: According to the Editor’s and Reviewer’s suggestions, the followings major alterations were made.
(1)
To reduce % of self-citation, two self-cited references (the former #26 and #27) were removed and13 new references (Ref#1, 14, 15, 23, 24, 31-35, 43, 44, 49) are added. The ratio of self-citation became 14.3%.
(2) In Abstract section, we added “both tyrosinase and melanin” in lines 17-18.
(3) In Introduction section, seven sentences are added in lines29-31, 53-56, 63-67, 72-77.
(4) In the Experimental Procedures section, “2.8. Statistical analyses” were added.
(5) In Figure 1, new quantitative data were added (new Figure 1A and 1B) and the Results (lines192-193), Figure legend (lines214-217, 221-222) and Discussion sections (lines373-377, 379-383) were changed appropriately.
(6) Table 1 was shortened to display top five candidates, the former Table 1 moved to supplementary as Table S1.
(7) In Figure 2, new quantitative data were added (new Figure 2B-2D and 2G-2I) and the Results (lines247-248, 250-254), Figure legend (lines258-254, 268-272) and Discussion sections (lines388-389) were changed appropriately.
(8) In Figure 3, new quantitative data were added (new Figure 3C) and the Results (lines289-293), Figure legend (lines302-308) and Discussion sections (lines392-401) were changed appropriately.
(9) In Figure 4, we only added the name of protein which each tag antibodies detecting under the antibody’s name.
(10) In Figures 4, 5 and 6, we only added the name of protein which each tag antibodies detecting under the antibody’s name.
(11) In Figures 5 and 6, we movedβ-actin blot to the bottom as the same as Figure 4.
(12) In Figures 5 legend (lines347-349), we added “It should be noted that, for the ubiquitin assay using 3xFLAG-ubiquitin, LPIs was added to the cell culture medium for the last 12 hours to enhance the signal of ubiquitination.”
(13) In Figures 6 legend (lines347-349), we added “Note that LPIs were added to the culture medium for the purpose described in the legend of Figure 5.”
(14) In the Discussion sections, we added several sentences and made alterations in lines373-377, 379-383, 392-401, 417-418, 419-422, 424-427.
(15) In Figures 7 legend (lines442), we replaced “Proposed” to “Putative”.
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