Version 1
: Received: 21 November 2023 / Approved: 23 November 2023 / Online: 23 November 2023 (05:28:12 CET)
How to cite:
Ogaga, D.; Olalere, A. Evaluation and Comparison of SVM, Deep Learning, and Naïve Bayes Performances for Natural Language Processing Text Classification Task. Preprints2023, 2023111462. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1462.v1
Ogaga, D.; Olalere, A. Evaluation and Comparison of SVM, Deep Learning, and Naïve Bayes Performances for Natural Language Processing Text Classification Task. Preprints 2023, 2023111462. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1462.v1
Ogaga, D.; Olalere, A. Evaluation and Comparison of SVM, Deep Learning, and Naïve Bayes Performances for Natural Language Processing Text Classification Task. Preprints2023, 2023111462. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1462.v1
APA Style
Ogaga, D., & Olalere, A. (2023). Evaluation and Comparison of SVM, Deep Learning, and Naïve Bayes Performances for Natural Language Processing Text Classification Task. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1462.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ogaga, D. and Abiodun Olalere. 2023 "Evaluation and Comparison of SVM, Deep Learning, and Naïve Bayes Performances for Natural Language Processing Text Classification Task" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1462.v1
Abstract
Text classification is one of the most important task in natural language processing, In this research, we carried out several experimental research on three (3) of the most popular Text classification NLP classifier in Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB), and Support Vector Machine (SVN). In the presence of enough training data, Deep Learning CNN works best in all parameters for evaluation with 77% accuracy, followed by SVM with accuracy of 76%, and multinomial Bayes with least performance of 69% accuracy. CNN has the best performance in the presence of large enough training dataset because of the presence of filter/ kernels which help to indentify patterns in text data regardless of their position in the sentence. We repeated the training again with just one-third of our data, at this point SVM comes with the best performance, the performance of CNN noticeably drops but still better than Multinomial Naive Bayes, the reason why SVM works best when we reduce the training data was because of its ability to look for a hyper-plane that creates a boundary between different classes of data so as to properly classify them, so we believed that getting the hyper-plane was more efficient when we reduce the dataset, hence reason for the good performance. Multinomial Naive Bayes have the least performance which we attributed to its assumption of independency between the features which sometimes does not hold true. We concluded that availability of data should be an important factor when choosing classifier for Natural Language Processing Text Classification task. CNN should be use in the presence of enough dataset, and SVM should be use when data is not enough. Multinomial Naive Bayes must not be trusted with state of the art NLP task due to its assumption of independency between the features.
Keywords
text classification; natural language processing; multinomial naïve bayes; support vector machine; deep learning
Subject
Computer Science and Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
