Dou, Q.-L.; Xie, D.-J.; Deng, T.; Chen, M.-F.; Qian, Z.-M.; Wang, S.-S.; Zhang, R.-B. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Primulina serrulata Leaves Reveals New Insight into the Formation of White Veins. Horticulturae2024, 10, 19.
Dou, Q.-L.; Xie, D.-J.; Deng, T.; Chen, M.-F.; Qian, Z.-M.; Wang, S.-S.; Zhang, R.-B. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Primulina serrulata Leaves Reveals New Insight into the Formation of White Veins. Horticulturae 2024, 10, 19.
Dou, Q.-L.; Xie, D.-J.; Deng, T.; Chen, M.-F.; Qian, Z.-M.; Wang, S.-S.; Zhang, R.-B. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Primulina serrulata Leaves Reveals New Insight into the Formation of White Veins. Horticulturae2024, 10, 19.
Dou, Q.-L.; Xie, D.-J.; Deng, T.; Chen, M.-F.; Qian, Z.-M.; Wang, S.-S.; Zhang, R.-B. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Primulina serrulata Leaves Reveals New Insight into the Formation of White Veins. Horticulturae 2024, 10, 19.
Abstract
Primulina serrulata is a valuable ornamental herb with rosette leaves and vibrant flowers. Some leaves exhibit a bright and distinct white color along the upper veins, enhancing their ornamental value, while others are less white or entirely green. This variation is observed among adult leaves in natural habitats and among young leaves from seedlings grown in the laboratory. TMT-labeled proteomic technology was employed to study the protein-level biogenesis of white-veined (WV) leaves of P. serrulata. The chlorophyll (Chl) content was significantly lower in the WV group than in the control group. A total of 6,261 proteins were identified, revealing 69 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), with 44 down-regulated and 25 up-regulated in WV plants. Some DEPs associated with chloroplasts and Chl biosynthesis were down-regulated, leading to the absence of green coloration. Concurrently, gene ontology enrichment analysis further underscored an insufficiency of magnesium , the key element in Chl biosynthesis. Many DEPs associated with abiotic or biotic stresses were down-regulated, suggesting an overall weakening of stress resistance with certain compensatory mechanisms in place. Similarly, many DEPs related to biomacromolecule modification were down-regulated, possibly influenced by the decrease in proteins involved in photosynthesis and stress resistance. Some DEPs containing iron were up-regulated, indicating that iron was mainly used to synthesize heme and ferritin instead of Chl. Additionally, several DEPs related to sulfur or sulfate were up-regulated, implying strengthened respiration. Expansin-A4 and pectinesterase displayed up-regulation, coinciding with the emergence of a rough and bright surface in the white area, indicative of the elongation and gelation processes in cell walls. These findings provide new insights that could be utilized by future studies to explore the mechanism of color formation in WV leaves.
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