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Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of PLLA-HA/GO Scaffold Fabricated via DLP for Bone Loss: Experimental Investigation, Numerical Analysis, and Cell Study
Ghaderi, I.; Behravesh, A.H.; Hedayati, S.K.; Alavinasab Ardebili, S.A.; Kordi, O.; Rizvi, G.; Gholivand, K. Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of PLLA-HA/GO Scaffold Fabricated via DLP for Bone Loss: Experimental Investigation, Numerical Analysis, and Cell Study. Preprints2023, 2023110845. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0845.v1
APA Style
Ghaderi, I., Behravesh, A.H., Hedayati, S.K., Alavinasab Ardebili, S.A., Kordi, O., Rizvi, G., & Gholivand, K. (2023). Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of PLLA-HA/GO Scaffold Fabricated via DLP for Bone Loss: Experimental Investigation, Numerical Analysis, and Cell Study. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0845.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ghaderi, I., Ghaus Rizvi and Khodayar Gholivand. 2023 "Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of PLLA-HA/GO Scaffold Fabricated via DLP for Bone Loss: Experimental Investigation, Numerical Analysis, and Cell Study" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.0845.v1
Abstract
In this study, an optimized multi-material system was designed and developed to print samples in various applications, including biomedical fields (e.g., mandibular bone loss). To improve the mechanical and biological properties of scaffolds utilized for dental bone loss applications, a multi-material setup was devised, which employs digital light processing technology. This setup consists of a linear system comprising two resin vats and one ultrasonic cleaning tank, enabling the integration of diverse materials and structures to optimize the composition of the scaffold. This approach was used to print multi-material PLLA scaffolds containing 20 wt.%. HA on the interior side, and PLLA containing 1 wt.% GO on the exterior surface of the scaffold, which were evaluated mechanically and biologically after printing. The scaffold was designed using a triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattice structure, which is known to possess favorable mechanical and biological properties. Various multi-material samples were successfully printed and evaluated to illustrate the multiple-material setup's potential for ensuring proper function, cleaning, and adequate interface bonding. By numerically evaluating several TMPS structures, a novel Gyroid TPMS scaffold with a nominal porosity of 50% was developed and validated experimentally. The biological properties of the scaffolds were also evaluated, including surface morphology, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT assay, and cell adhesion. Based on the results, multi-material components with the least contaminations with suitable mechanical and biological properties were successfully printed. By combining PLLA-HA and PLLA-GO, this innovative technique holds tremendous potential for enhancing the effectiveness of regenerative procedures in the field of dentistry.
Keywords
Multi-Material; Additive Manufacturing; Bone Tissue Engineering; Digital Light Processing; Biomedical Application; Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS)
Subject
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
