Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Phylogeography of Two Enigmatic Sulphur Butterflies, Colias mongola Alphéraky, 1897 and Colias tamerlana Staudinger, 1897 (Lepidoptera, Pieridae), with Relations to Wolbachia Infection

Nazar A. Shapoval
* ORCID logo ,
Alexander V. Kir’yanov
ORCID logo ,
Anatoly V. Krupitsky
ORCID logo ,
Roman V. Yakovlev
,
Anna E. Romanovich
,
Jing Zhang
,
Qian Cong
,
Nick V. Grishin
,
Margarita G. Kovalenko
ORCID logo ,
Galina N. Shapoval
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 5 November 2023 / Approved: 6 November 2023 / Online: 6 November 2023 (14:54:07 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Shapoval, N.A.; Kir’yanov, A.V.; Krupitsky, A.V.; Yakovlev, R.V.; Romanovich, A.E.; Zhang, J.; Cong, Q.; Grishin, N.V.; Kovalenko, M.G.; Shapoval, G.N. Phylogeography of Two Enigmatic Sulphur Butterflies, Colias mongola Alphéraky, 1897 and Colias tamerlana Staudinger, 1897 (Lepidoptera, Pieridae), with Relations to Wolbachia Infection. Insects 2023, 14, 943. Shapoval, N.A.; Kir’yanov, A.V.; Krupitsky, A.V.; Yakovlev, R.V.; Romanovich, A.E.; Zhang, J.; Cong, Q.; Grishin, N.V.; Kovalenko, M.G.; Shapoval, G.N. Phylogeography of Two Enigmatic Sulphur Butterflies, Colias mongola Alphéraky, 1897 and Colias tamerlana Staudinger, 1897 (Lepidoptera, Pieridae), with Relations to Wolbachia Infection. Insects 2023, 14, 943.

Abstract

The genus Colias Fabricius, 1807 includes numerous taxa and forms with uncertain status and taxonomic position. Among such taxa are Colias mongola Alphéraky, 1897 and Colias tamerlana Staudinger, 1897, interpreted in the literature either as conspecific forms, as subspecies of different but morphologically somewhat similar Colias species, or as distinct species-level taxa. Based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers, we reconstruct a phylogeographic pattern of the taxa in question. We recover and include in our analysis DNA barcodes of the century-old type specimens, the lectotype of C. tamerlana deposited in the Natural History Museum (Museum für Naturkunde), Berlin, Germany (ZMHU), the paralectotype of C. tamerlana and the lectoptype of C. mongola deposited in the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia (ZISP). Our analysis grouped all specimens within four (HP_I-HP-IV) deeply divergent but geographically poorly structured clades which did not support nonconspecifity of C. mongola–C. tamerlana. We also show that all studied females of the widely distributed haplogroup HP_II were infected with a single Wolbachia strain belonging to the supergroup B, while the males of this haplogroup, as well as all other investigated specimens, were not infected. Our data underline the relevance of large-scale sampling dataset analysis and the need of testing for Wolbachia infection to avoid erroneous phylogenetic reconstructions and species misidentification.

Keywords

Colias; DNA barcoding; Lepidoptera; molecular taxonomy; PCR screening; Wolbachia

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Insect Science

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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