Ragab, A.; Marei, M.I.; Mokhtar, M. Comprehensive Study of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Classification, Topologies, and Control System Comparisons. Appl. Sci.2023, 13, 13057.
Ragab, A.; Marei, M.I.; Mokhtar, M. Comprehensive Study of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Classification, Topologies, and Control System Comparisons. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 13057.
Ragab, A.; Marei, M.I.; Mokhtar, M. Comprehensive Study of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Classification, Topologies, and Control System Comparisons. Appl. Sci.2023, 13, 13057.
Ragab, A.; Marei, M.I.; Mokhtar, M. Comprehensive Study of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Classification, Topologies, and Control System Comparisons. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 13057.
Abstract
The utilization of fuel cells (FC) in automotive technology has experienced significant growth in recent years. Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs) are powered by a combination of fuel cells, batteries, or/and ultracapacitors (UCs). By integrating power converters with these power sources, the FCHEV system can overcome the limitations of using them separately. The performance of an FCHEV is influenced by the efficiency of the power electronics converter controller, as well as the technical efficiency of the power sources. FCHEVs need intricate energy management systems (EMSs) to function effectively. Poor EMS can lead to low efficiency and accelerated fuel cell and battery degradation. The literature discussed various types of EMSs, such as equivalent consumption minimization strategy, classical PI controller, fuzzy logic controller, and Mutative Fuzzy Logic Controller (MFLC). However, comparing different EMSs can be challenging due to the varying vehicle and system parameters, which might lead to false claims being made regarding system performance. This research aims to categorize and discuss the various topologies of FCHEVs, highlighting their pros and cons, and comparing several EMSs based on performance metrics such as State of Charge (SOC) and FC deterioration.
Keywords
Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle; Topology; Energy management system; Fuzzy logic; Ultracapacitor; Battery
Subject
Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
