Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Regional Multifractal Variability of the Overall Seismic Activity in Pakistan from 24 B.C to 2020 via the Application of MDFA on Earthquake Catalogs

Aftab Alam
,
Dimitrios Nikolopoulos
* ORCID logo ,
Demetrios Cantzos
,
Muhammad Tahir
,
Tahir Iqbal
,
Ermioni Petraki
,
Panayiotis H Yannakopoulos
,
Muhammad Rafique
Version 1 : Received: 18 October 2023 / Approved: 19 October 2023 / Online: 19 October 2023 (12:04:48 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Alam, A.; Nikolopoulos, D.; Cantzos, D.; Tahir, M.; Iqbal, T.; Petraki, E.; Yannakopoulos, P.; Rafique, M. Regional Multifractal Variability of the Overall Seismic Activity in Pakistan from 1820 to 2020 via the Application of MDFA on Earthquake Catalogs. Fractal Fract. 2023, 7, 857. Alam, A.; Nikolopoulos, D.; Cantzos, D.; Tahir, M.; Iqbal, T.; Petraki, E.; Yannakopoulos, P.; Rafique, M. Regional Multifractal Variability of the Overall Seismic Activity in Pakistan from 1820 to 2020 via the Application of MDFA on Earthquake Catalogs. Fractal Fract. 2023, 7, 857.

Abstract

The overall seismicity of Pakistan from 24 B.C to 2020 is analysed in terms of its multifractal behaviour. Seismic events of magnitude ML=3.0 and above are spatially clustered into four distinct groups, each one corresponding to a different region of high seismic activity. The Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MFDA) method applied on each cluster reveals pronounced inter-cluster heterogeneity in terms of the resulting generalised Hurst exponent and fractality spectrum, possibly due to the particular tectonic characteristics of the regions under investigation. Additional results on the variability of the Gutenberg–Richter b‐value across the defined clusters further corroborate the uniqueness of the seismic profile of each region.

Keywords

Earthquakes; Catalog data; MFDFA; Hurst exponent

Subject

Environmental and Earth Sciences, Geophysics and Geology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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