Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Proton Compared to X-irradiation Induces Different Protein Profiles in Oral Cancer Cells and Their Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Inga Solgård Juvkam
ORCID logo ,
Olga Zlygosteva
ORCID logo ,
Mateusz Sitarz
,
Bernd Thiede
ORCID logo ,
Brita Singers Sørensen
ORCID logo ,
Eirik Malinen
,
Nina Jeppesen Edin
ORCID logo ,
Tine Merete Søland
,
Hilde Kanli Galtung
*
Version 1 : Received: 18 October 2023 / Approved: 19 October 2023 / Online: 19 October 2023 (09:59:48 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Juvkam, I.S.; Zlygosteva, O.; Sitarz, M.; Thiede, B.; Sørensen, B.S.; Malinen, E.; Edin, N.J.; Søland, T.M.; Galtung, H.K. Proton Compared to X-Irradiation Induces Different Protein Profiles in Oral Cancer Cells and Their Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 16983. Juvkam, I.S.; Zlygosteva, O.; Sitarz, M.; Thiede, B.; Sørensen, B.S.; Malinen, E.; Edin, N.J.; Søland, T.M.; Galtung, H.K. Proton Compared to X-Irradiation Induces Different Protein Profiles in Oral Cancer Cells and Their Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 16983.

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound particles released from cells, and their cargo can alter the function of recipient cells. EVs from X-irradiated cells have been shown to play a likely role in non-targeted effects. However, EVs derived from proton irradiated cells have not yet been studied. We aimed to investigate and compare the proteome of EVs and their cell of origin after proton or X-irradiation. The EVs were derived from a human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line exposed to 0, 4, or 8 Gy with either protons or X-rays. The EVs and irradiated OSCC cells underwent liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for protein identification. Interestingly, we found different protein profiles both in the EVs and in the OSCC cells after proton irradiation compared to X-irradiation. In the EVs, we found that protons cause a downregulation of proteins involved in cell growth and DNA damage response compared to X-rays. In the OSCC cells, proton and X-irradiation induced dissimilar cell death pathways and distinct DNA damage repair systems. These results are of potential importance for understanding how non-targeted effects in normal tissue can be limited and for future implementation of proton therapy in the clinic.

Keywords

Protons; X-rays; oral squamous cell carcinoma; extracellular vesicles; non-targeted effects of radiation

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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