Hazelnut and Walnut Nutshell Features, as Emerging Added Value by-Products of the Nut Industry: A Review

Carlos Manterola-Barroso; Daniela Padilla Contreras; Gabrijel Ondrasek; Jelena Horvatinec; Gabriela Gavilán Cuicui; Cristian Meriño-Gergichevich

doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1563.v1

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preprints.org > biology and life sciences > agricultural science and agronomy > doi: 10.20944/preprints202309.1563.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Hazelnut and Walnut Nutshell Features, as Emerging Added Value by-Products of the Nut Industry: A Review

Carlos Manterola-Barroso

Daniela Padilla Contreras

Gabrijel Ondrasek

Jelena Horvatinec

Gabriela Gavilán Cuicui

Cristian Meriño-Gergichevich

Version 1 : Received: 22 September 2023 / Approved: 22 September 2023 / Online: 22 September 2023 (10:49:31 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Manterola-Barroso, C.; Padilla Contreras, D.; Ondrasek, G.; Horvatinec, J.; Gavilán CuiCui, G.; Meriño-Gergichevich, C. Hazelnut and Walnut Nutshell Features as Emerging Added-Value Byproducts of the Nut Industry: A Review. Plants 2024, 13, 1034. Manterola-Barroso, C.; Padilla Contreras, D.; Ondrasek, G.; Horvatinec, J.; Gavilán CuiCui, G.; Meriño-Gergichevich, C. Hazelnut and Walnut Nutshell Features as Emerging Added-Value Byproducts of the Nut Industry: A Review. Plants 2024, 13, 1034.

Abstract

The hard-shelled seed industry plays an important role in the global agricultural economy. As a result of nut industrialization, considerable amounts of by-products and residues are produced year by year, burnt as fuel or discarded as non-valued waste, by-passing a potential source of valuable compounds or features. Over the last decade nutshells have received great interest due to their lignin concentration and their antioxidant, physical and mechanical features. It was found that these properties vary among cultivars, latitude and localities of plantation. On the other hand, there is inconsistences regarding to mechanical and some biochemical properties of both nutshells, which aimed to explore the status of potential hazelnut and walnut shells appli-cations into sustainable circular bio-economy chains. Hence, this review deals with the recent scientific literature on their chemical composition as well as their functional applications as an approach to sustain the utilization of the main by-product derived from the nut-industry.

Keywords

antioxidants; nutshells; physicochemical properties; valued raw material

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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