Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Multiparametric Ultrasound for Diagnosing Testicular Lesions: Everything You Need to Know in Daily Clinical Practice

Carlotta Pozza
ORCID logo ,
Marta Tenuta
,
Franz Sesti
ORCID logo ,
Michele Bertolotto
ORCID logo ,
Dean Y Huang
,
Paul S Sidhu
ORCID logo ,
Mario Maggi
ORCID logo ,
Andrea M Isidori
,
Francesco Lotti
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 2 September 2023 / Approved: 19 September 2023 / Online: 20 September 2023 (04:34:09 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Pozza, C.; Tenuta, M.; Sesti, F.; Bertolotto, M.; Huang, D.Y.; Sidhu, P.S.; Maggi, M.; Isidori, A.M.; Lotti, F. Multiparametric Ultrasound for Diagnosing Testicular Lesions: Everything You Need to Know in Daily Clinical Practice. Cancers 2023, 15, 5332. Pozza, C.; Tenuta, M.; Sesti, F.; Bertolotto, M.; Huang, D.Y.; Sidhu, P.S.; Maggi, M.; Isidori, A.M.; Lotti, F. Multiparametric Ultrasound for Diagnosing Testicular Lesions: Everything You Need to Know in Daily Clinical Practice. Cancers 2023, 15, 5332.

Abstract

Background: Ultrasonography (US) represents the gold standard imaging method for the assessment of testicular lesions (TL). The gray-scale (GSUS) and color-Doppler (CDUS) ultrasound examination allow sonographers to investigate size, margins, echotexture and vascular features of TL, with the effort to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. Recently, the use of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) and sonoelastography (SE) led to further improvements in the differential diagnosis of TL. Although GSUS and CDUS are often sufficient to suggest the benign or malignant nature of TL, CEUS can be decisive in the differential diagnosis of unclear findings, while SE can help to strengthen the diagnosis. The contemporary combination of GSUS, CDUS, CEUS and SE led to a new diagnostic paradigm named multiparametric US (mp-US), able to provide a more detailed characterization of TL than the single techniques alone. This narrative and pictorial review is aimed to describe the mp-US appearance of several TL. Methods: An extensive Medline search was performed identifying studies in the English language focusing on mp-US evaluation of TL. Results: a practical mp-US “identity card” and iconographic characterization of several benign and malignant TL is provided herein. Conclusions: the mp-US characterization of TL reported herein can be useful in daily clinical practice.

Keywords

ultrasound (US); multi-parametric ultrasound (mp-US); gray-scale ultrasound (GSUS); color-Doppler ultrasound (CDUS); contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS); sonoelastography (SE); testicular lesions; testicular tumors; differential diagnosis

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Other

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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