Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Evaluation Effectiveness of Parasitoids Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Fererro (He-miptera: Pseudococcidae) on Cassava Plants in Bali Province

I Wayan Supartha
* ORCID logo ,
I Wayan Susila
,
Aunu Rauf
,
Ali Nurmansyah
,
Ketut Ayu Yuliadhi
,
Araz Meilin
,
Dodin Koswanudin
,
I Wayan Eka Karya Utama
,
I Kadek Wisma Yudha
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 11 September 2023 / Approved: 13 September 2023 / Online: 14 September 2023 (09:03:52 CEST)

How to cite: Supartha, I. W.; Susila, I. W.; Rauf, A.; Nurmansyah, A.; Yuliadhi, K. A.; Meilin, A.; Koswanudin, D.; Utama, I. W. E. K.; Yudha, I. K. W. The Evaluation Effectiveness of Parasitoids Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Fererro (He-miptera: Pseudococcidae) on Cassava Plants in Bali Province. Preprints 2023, 2023090941. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0941.v1 Supartha, I. W.; Susila, I. W.; Rauf, A.; Nurmansyah, A.; Yuliadhi, K. A.; Meilin, A.; Koswanudin, D.; Utama, I. W. E. K.; Yudha, I. K. W. The Evaluation Effectiveness of Parasitoids Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Fererro (He-miptera: Pseudococcidae) on Cassava Plants in Bali Province. Preprints 2023, 2023090941. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0941.v1

Abstract

Phenacoccus manihoti (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an invasive pest that is very detrimental to cassava cultivation in Indonesia. Control efforts by utilizing natural enemies of the parasitoid have succeeded in overcoming the cassava mealybug in 25 countries such as in Africa and Thailand. The purpose of this study was to specifically evaluate the potential for parasitoid species associated with the mealybug P. manihoti by (1) determining the level of parasitization against mealybugs on various varieties of cassava, (2) determining parasitoid preference for P. manihoti instars, and (3) determining the type of parasitoid. This study was undertaken in the field to re-evaluate the kinds of parasitoids associated with cassava pests, and in the laboratory to assess the amount of parasitization, predilection, and functional response of parasitoids to P. manihoti population density. The findings revealed three of parasitoids linked with P. manihoti in the field: Anagyrus lopezi, Acerophagus sp., and Blepyrus sp. The parasitoid A. lopezi had the greatest parasitization rate in the field, which was 18.67 %. Furthermore, the parasitoids A. lopezi and Blepyrus sp. preferred 3rd instar nymphs, but Acerophagus sp. preferred 2nd instar nymphs. The parasitoid A. lopezi demonstrated a type-III functional response, while Acerophagus sp. and Blepyrus sp. demonstrated a type-II functional response. The handling capacity (Th) of A. lopezi is the shortest at 3.42 minutes. This work is a comprehensive study of the parasitoid A. lopezi's potential as a biological agent, highlighting how it effectively suppresses P. manihoti on various cassava varieties in Bali, providing an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and applicable control in tropical countries.

Keywords

Biological control agents; Effectiveness; Parasitoid; Invasive pest

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Insect Science

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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