Singh, K.; Esselle, K. Suppressing Sidelobes in Metasurface-Based Antennas Using a Cross-Entropy Method Variant and Full Wave Electromagnetic Simulations. Electronics2023, 12, 4229.
Singh, K.; Esselle, K. Suppressing Sidelobes in Metasurface-Based Antennas Using a Cross-Entropy Method Variant and Full Wave Electromagnetic Simulations. Electronics 2023, 12, 4229.
Singh, K.; Esselle, K. Suppressing Sidelobes in Metasurface-Based Antennas Using a Cross-Entropy Method Variant and Full Wave Electromagnetic Simulations. Electronics2023, 12, 4229.
Singh, K.; Esselle, K. Suppressing Sidelobes in Metasurface-Based Antennas Using a Cross-Entropy Method Variant and Full Wave Electromagnetic Simulations. Electronics 2023, 12, 4229.
Abstract
Managing sidelobe levels (SLLs) in metasurface-driven beam-steering antennas poses a significant challenge due to intrinsic factors leading to grating lobes. Our proposed method employs an equivalent model to optimize large periodic metasurfaces efficiently. This model predicts complete metasurface performance, accounting for mutual coupling between patches. We introduce an evolutionary optimization algorithm based on the Cross Entropy (CE) method to enhance PGM-based beam-steering antennas and suppress sidelobes. Two strategies were employed: first is to optimize the patch dimensions for a sidelobe-free pattern and the second is to maintain the PGM dimensions while optimizing feed array amplitudes. Both strategies effectively suppressed sidelobes, offering insights into the CE method's applicability and effectiveness for CPU-intensive electromagnetic optimization challenges. The proposed CE method variant retains its simplicity while improving monitoring capabilities, addressing this limitation. Smaller generations yield better improvements per evaluation
Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
