PreprintArticleVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Optimized Extraction of Polyphenols, LC-MS/MS, and GC-MS Identification of Metabolites from the Selected Medicinal Herbs, Their Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Potential
Kiani, H.S.; Ali, B.; Al-Sadoon, M.K.; Al-Otaibi, H.S.; Ali, A. LC-MS/MS and GC-MS Identification of Metabolites from the Selected Herbs and Spices, Their Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic Potential, and Chemometric Analysis. Processes2023, 11, 2721.
Kiani, H.S.; Ali, B.; Al-Sadoon, M.K.; Al-Otaibi, H.S.; Ali, A. LC-MS/MS and GC-MS Identification of Metabolites from the Selected Herbs and Spices, Their Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic Potential, and Chemometric Analysis. Processes 2023, 11, 2721.
Kiani, H.S.; Ali, B.; Al-Sadoon, M.K.; Al-Otaibi, H.S.; Ali, A. LC-MS/MS and GC-MS Identification of Metabolites from the Selected Herbs and Spices, Their Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic Potential, and Chemometric Analysis. Processes2023, 11, 2721.
Kiani, H.S.; Ali, B.; Al-Sadoon, M.K.; Al-Otaibi, H.S.; Ali, A. LC-MS/MS and GC-MS Identification of Metabolites from the Selected Herbs and Spices, Their Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic Potential, and Chemometric Analysis. Processes 2023, 11, 2721.
Abstract
Culinary herbs and spices are widely used in daily diets. Pakistan flora is enriched with phytochemicals due to a diverse range of land. Phytochemicals, including volatile and non-volatile compounds, have captured much interest due to their numerous health advantages and significance in daily diet. The present study aimed to conduct in-depth metabolomic profiling of Pakistani-grown fenugreek leaves (Trigonella foenum-graecum), fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare), mint leaves (Mentha royleana), coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) and basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum) by using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The first study was conducted to optimize extraction using different solvents (methanol, ethanol, chloroform, acetone, and water). Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and total condensed tannins (TCT) were quantified along with the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities. The highest TPC (125.42 ± 10.89 mg GAE/g) and the highest antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential were quantified in mint. Seventy-one phytochemical metabolites were identified using LC-MS/MS, while forty-nine volatile constituents were identified using the GC-MS. A positive correlation was identified between phenolic contents and their biological activities. Furthermore, molecular docking helped to find drug molecules with more excellent anti-diabetic activity based on their binding affinities. This study suggests that selected medicinal herbs from Pakistan have significant nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential. This study could further help in drug discovery.
Keywords
herbs; spices; flavonoids; antioxidants; diabetes; volatile compounds; drug discovery; phytochemicals; human health
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
