Article
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Low-Temperature Sintering and Infiltration of High-W Contacts
Version 1
: Received: 28 July 2023 / Approved: 31 July 2023 / Online: 1 August 2023 (14:29:34 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Zhao, J.; Xie, M.; Li, H. Low-Temperature Sintering and Infiltration of High-W Contacts. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 9608. Zhao, J.; Xie, M.; Li, H. Low-Temperature Sintering and Infiltration of High-W Contacts. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 9608.
Abstract
AgW materials exhibit excellent properties and are widely used as contact materials in low- and medium-voltage switches. In this study, a pre-sintering and infiltration method was employed to pre-sinter W powder with Cu, Ni, and (Cu+Ni) addition in the low temperature range of 950–1050 °C. The low-temperature sintering behaviours of W skeletons with different additives were investigated. Subsequently, AgW70, AgW75, AgW80, and AgW85 materials were prepared through infiltration at 1050 °C. The microstructure morphology and physical properties of high-W contact materials were investigated using a metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope. The mechanism of low-temperature sintering-infiltration of high-W contact materials was elucidated. The results indicated that pure W and 1% Cu-added W skeletons experience minimal linear shrinkage within the temperature range of 950–1050 °C. The linear shrinkage curves of W skeletons with different additives coincided under the conditions of 950–1000 °C/90 min. At 1050 °C, after sintering for 150 min, the particle boundaries in the W skeleton were fully spheroidised, with a dihedral angle of 120°. At 1050 °C and after 150 min of infiltration, cross-sectional micrographs of the AgW material revealed the presence of irregular Ni layers, where Ni spatially enveloped/encapsulated Ag. With an increase in the W content, the electrical conductivity and relative density of AgW(70–85) materials decreased, whereas the hardness of the materials increased.
Keywords
W skeleton; pre-sintering and infiltration method; linear shrinkage; dihedral angle; AgW contact material
Subject
Chemistry and Materials Science, Materials Science and Technology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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