Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Reducing Outdoor Air Pollutants through Moss-Based BioTechnological Purification Filter in Kazakhstan

Andrii Biloshchytskyi
,
Oleksandr Kuchanskyi
ORCID logo ,
Yurii Andrashko
* ORCID logo ,
Didar Yedilkhan
,
Alexandr Neftissov
,
Svitlana Biloshchytska
,
Beibut Amirgaliyev
ORCID logo ,
Vladimir Vatskel
Version 1 : Received: 26 July 2023 / Approved: 27 July 2023 / Online: 27 July 2023 (10:17:49 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Biloshchytskyi, A.; Kuchanskyi, O.; Andrashko, Y.; Yedilkhan, D.; Neftissov, A.; Biloshchytska, S.; Amirgaliyev, B.; Vatskel, V. Reducing Outdoor Air Pollutants through a Moss-Based Biotechnological Purification Filter in Kazakhstan. Urban Sci. 2023, 7, 104. Biloshchytskyi, A.; Kuchanskyi, O.; Andrashko, Y.; Yedilkhan, D.; Neftissov, A.; Biloshchytska, S.; Amirgaliyev, B.; Vatskel, V. Reducing Outdoor Air Pollutants through a Moss-Based Biotechnological Purification Filter in Kazakhstan. Urban Sci. 2023, 7, 104.

Abstract

The research considers creating a network of moss-based biotechnological purification filters in the Smart City concept. The extent of absorption of heavy metals and gases by Sphagnopsida moss under different conditions was investigated. The efficiency of air purification with biotechnological filters was also investigated using the example of the city of Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, where an excess of the permissible concentration of harmful substances in the air, according to the WHO air quality guidelines, is recorded throughout the year. Data on the level of pollution recorded by sensors located in the biggest Kazakhstani cities from 06/21/2020 to 06/04/2023 were selected as the basis for calculating the efficiency. In total, there are two hundred twenty sensors in 73 settlements of the Republic of Kazakhstan, with 80 such sensors located in the city of Almaty. Since creating a single biotechnological filter is expensive, the task was to calculate the air purification effect in the case of increasing the number of filters placed in polluted areas. As a result, it is shown that ten filters provide an air purification efficiency of 0.77%, 100 filters 5.72%, and 500 filters 23.11%. A biotechnological filter for air purification based on moss was designed at Astana IT University, considering the climatic features, distribution, and types of pollution in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The obtained results are essential for ensuring compliance with the ISO 37120:2018 standard for environmental comfort in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Additionally, the research findings and the experience of implementing a moss-based biotechnological filter can be applied to designing similar air purification systems in other cities. This is of great importance for the advancement of the field of urban science.

Keywords

biotechnological filter; moss; air pollution; smart city

Subject

Computer Science and Mathematics, Other

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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