Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Impact of COVID Pandemic on Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU): The Experience of a North-West Italy Center

Andrea Parisini
ORCID logo ,
Silvia Boni
,
Elisabetta Blasi Vacca
,
Nicoletta Bobbio
,
Filippo Del Puente
,
Marcello Feasi
,
Roberta Prinapori
,
Marco Lattuada
,
Marina Sartini
,
Maria Luisa Cristina
,
David Usiglio
,
Emanuele Pontali
*
Version 1 : Received: 5 July 2023 / Approved: 6 July 2023 / Online: 6 July 2023 (07:25:58 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Parisini, A.; Boni, S.; Vacca, E.B.; Bobbio, N.; Puente, F.D.; Feasi, M.; Prinapori, R.; Lattuada, M.; Sartini, M.; Cristina, M.L.; Usiglio, D.; Pontali, E. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU): The Experience of a North-West Italian Center. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 1278. Parisini, A.; Boni, S.; Vacca, E.B.; Bobbio, N.; Puente, F.D.; Feasi, M.; Prinapori, R.; Lattuada, M.; Sartini, M.; Cristina, M.L.; Usiglio, D.; Pontali, E. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistance in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU): The Experience of a North-West Italian Center. Antibiotics 2023, 12, 1278.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused an increase in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) hospitalizations with rise in morbidity and mortality; nevertheless, there is still little evidence of pandemic impact on antibiotic resistance in ICU. Retrospective monocentric epidemiological study. All microorganisms isolated from all patients admitted to E.O. Galliera ICU from January 2018 to December 2022 were included. Antibiotic resistance (AR) profiles were evaluated. Aim of the study was to describe and analyze the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on ICU microorganisms resistance patterns. 1,771 microorganisms identified, 221 (12.47%) had resistant pattern (Resistant Organisms; ROs) isolated from 1,679 patients during 12,030 hospitalization days. The majority of ROs were Gram-negative (79.66% 2018, 77.29% 2019, 61.83% 2020, 62.56% 2021, 60.75% 2022), but increase of Gram-positive microorganisms was observed (20.34% to 39.25% between 2018-2022). Prevalence of AR was: 19.44% 2018, 11.54% 2019, 38.04% 2020, 34.15% 2021, 39.29% 2022 for Gram-positives; 19.86%, 13.56%, 18.12%, 12.41%, 12.31% for Gram-negatives. Incidence of Ros showed COVID-related rise in 2020-2021, followed by a lowering trend since 2021, with new rise in 2022. Possible explanations are antibiotic overtreatment and drop of containing measures. Interesting finding is the cumulative lowering trend of carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa probably due to different patient features.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2; ICU; MDRO; resistance

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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