de Caro, T.; Susanna, F.; La Russa, M.F.; Macchia, A. The Fontanamare Discovery (Sardinia Coast, Italy), a Case of Underwater Corrosion of Bronze Coins. Minerals2023, 13, 1085.
de Caro, T.; Susanna, F.; La Russa, M.F.; Macchia, A. The Fontanamare Discovery (Sardinia Coast, Italy), a Case of Underwater Corrosion of Bronze Coins. Minerals 2023, 13, 1085.
de Caro, T.; Susanna, F.; La Russa, M.F.; Macchia, A. The Fontanamare Discovery (Sardinia Coast, Italy), a Case of Underwater Corrosion of Bronze Coins. Minerals2023, 13, 1085.
de Caro, T.; Susanna, F.; La Russa, M.F.; Macchia, A. The Fontanamare Discovery (Sardinia Coast, Italy), a Case of Underwater Corrosion of Bronze Coins. Minerals 2023, 13, 1085.
Abstract
The study reported the analytical approach on nine coins found in the wreck A of Fontanamare for understanding the complex corrosion processes that take place in underwater conditions. Optical microscopy (OM), combined with micro-Raman (µ-Raman) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM + EDS) were used to analyse the nature and the microstructure of the corrosion patina in comparison with the non-degraded state of coins. Three main type of corrosion patina based on copper, lead chloride and carbonate were identified: white-green, black and the obtained results for understanding the complex corrosion processes that take place in underwater conditions.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Materials Science and Technology
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