Andreescu, M. Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies. Cureus 2024, doi:10.7759/cureus.51662.
Andreescu, M. Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies. Cureus 2024, doi:10.7759/cureus.51662.
Andreescu, M. Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies. Cureus 2024, doi:10.7759/cureus.51662.
Andreescu, M. Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies. Cureus 2024, doi:10.7759/cureus.51662.
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations are heritable and enduring modifications in gene expression that play a pivotal role in immune evasion. These include alterations to noncoding RNA, DNA methylation, and histone modifications. DNA methylation plays a crucial role in normal cell growth and development but alterations in methylation patterns such as hypermethylation or hypomethylation can enable tumor and viral cells to evade host immune responses. Histone modifications can also inhibit immune responses by promoting the expression of genes involved in suppressing normal immune function. In the case of T-cell lymphoma, adult T-cell Lymphomas (ALT) also undergo immune evasion through the exceptional function of its accessory and regulatory genes. Epigenetic therapies are emerging as a promising adjunct to traditional immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Clinical trials are currently investigating the use of epigenetic therapies in combination with immunotherapies and chemotherapies for more effective treatment of ATL and other cancers. This review highlights epigenetic alterations that are widely found in T cell malignancies.
Keywords
Molecular biology; infectious diseases; clinical diagnostic; early detection; prognosis
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Hematology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
