Zhong, J.; Huang, W.; Zhou, H. Multifunctionality in Nature: Structure–Function Relationships in Biological Materials. Biomimetics2023, 8, 284.
Zhong, J.; Huang, W.; Zhou, H. Multifunctionality in Nature: Structure–Function Relationships in Biological Materials. Biomimetics 2023, 8, 284.
Zhong, J.; Huang, W.; Zhou, H. Multifunctionality in Nature: Structure–Function Relationships in Biological Materials. Biomimetics2023, 8, 284.
Zhong, J.; Huang, W.; Zhou, H. Multifunctionality in Nature: Structure–Function Relationships in Biological Materials. Biomimetics 2023, 8, 284.
Abstract
The modern material design aims to achieve multifunctionality by integrating structures in a diverse range, resulting in simple materials with embedded functions. Biological materials and organisms are typical examples of this concept, where complex functionalities are achieved through a limited material base. This review highlights the inspiration from multifunctional organisms and materials in nature, emphasizing their structural and functional integration. In particular, we discuss complex hierarchical architectures ranging from the nanoscale to the macroscale, to achieve multifunctional properties such as extreme pressure, impact and wear resistance, shape memory and self-healing, adhesiveness and anti-fouling, sensing-actuating and sensing-camouflage, and extreme environmental survival. These strategies of integrating structure and function are critical for promoting innovations and breakthroughs in the modern engineering materials and applications.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Materials Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
