Gambaryan, M.; Kontsevaya, A.; Drapkina, O. Impact of National Tobacco Control Policy on Rates of Hospital Admission for Pneumonia: When Compliance Matters. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health2023, 20, 5893.
Gambaryan, M.; Kontsevaya, A.; Drapkina, O. Impact of National Tobacco Control Policy on Rates of Hospital Admission for Pneumonia: When Compliance Matters. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 5893.
Gambaryan, M.; Kontsevaya, A.; Drapkina, O. Impact of National Tobacco Control Policy on Rates of Hospital Admission for Pneumonia: When Compliance Matters. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health2023, 20, 5893.
Gambaryan, M.; Kontsevaya, A.; Drapkina, O. Impact of National Tobacco Control Policy on Rates of Hospital Admission for Pneumonia: When Compliance Matters. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 5893.
Abstract
Number of studies claim that tobacco control (TC) regulations are associated with reductions in smoking-related hospitalisation rates, however very few have estimated the impact of TC laws (TCL) at both countrywide and regional levels, and none of them - in relation to compliance with TC regulations. This study evaluates the effects of Russian TCL on hospital admission (HA) rates for pneumonia countrywide and in 10 Russian regions and the extent of these effects in connection with the compliance to TCL. Methods: HA rates for pneumonia during 2005–2019 were analysed to compare the periods before and after the adoption of TCL in 2013. An interrupted time series design and a Poisson regression model were used to estimate the immediate and long-term effects of TCL on pneumonia annual hospitalisation rates after the TCL adoption, compared with the pre-law period. The 10 Russian regions were compared using the TCL Implementation Scale (TCIS) developed on the basis of the results of Russian TC policy evaluation survey; Spearman’s rank correlation and linear regression models were employed. Results showed a 14.3% reduction in HA rates for pneumonia (RR 0.88; p=0.01) after the adoption of TCL in Russia with significant long-term effect after 2013 (RR 0.86; p=0.006). Regions with better enforcement of TCL exhibited greater reductions in pneumonia HA rates (rsp=−0.55; p=0.04); (=−4.21; p=0.02). Conclusions: TCL resulted in a sustained reduction in pneumonia hospitalisation rates, but these effects, varying by region, may depend on the scale of the TCL enforcement.
Keywords
tobacco control; tobacco control legislation; tobacco control measures; tobacco control implementation scale; interrupted time series design; pneumonia hospitalisation rates; smoking-related hospitalisation rates
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
